Ap Euro Reformation

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12 Terms

1

Reformation

A monumental religious movement in the 16th century that established Protestantism and transformed Christianity and European society.

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2

Protestantism

A branch of Christianity that emerged from the Reformation, characterized by a break from the Catholic Church and new theological perspectives.

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3

Martin Luther

A key figure in the Reformation known for posting the 95 Theses, which criticized the Catholic Church and sparked widespread debate.

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4

95 Theses

A document written by Martin Luther that challenged the practices of the Catholic Church, particularly the sale of indulgences.

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5

John Calvin

An influential Reformation leader whose ideas on predestination and governance shaped the Reformed tradition and Protestant communities.

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6

Henry VIII

The English king whose personal motivations regarding his marriage led to the creation of the Church of England, altering religious authority in England.

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7

Corruption in the Church

A significant cause of the Reformation, marked by practices like the sale of indulgences and moral decay among clergy.

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8

Sale of Indulgences

A practice allowing individuals to pay for the forgiveness of sins, criticized for exploiting believers and undermining spiritual integrity.

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9

Nepotism

Favoritism shown by church leaders towards relatives, contributing to the corruption and moral decay within the Catholic Church.

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10

Renaissance Humanism

An intellectual movement that encouraged individual interpretation of scriptures and the study of classical texts, fostering a critique of traditional authority.

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11

Individual Interpretation

The emphasis on personal understanding of religious texts, promoted by Renaissance Humanism, challenging reliance on clergy.

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12

Moral Decay

The decline in ethical standards among clergy, including indulgence in secular pleasures, which alienated the faithful and called for reform.

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