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personality
characteristics and behaviours that make each individual unique
personality
an individuals pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting
unstable
worrying, vulnerable, self-pitying, impatient
stable
calm, hardy, self-satisfied, patient
extrovert
sociable, fun loving, talkative, spontaneous
introvert
reserved, sober, quiet, self-controlled
open to experience
imaginative, independent, curious, broad interests
not open to experience
unimaginative, conforming, incurious, narrow interests
agreeable
courteous, selfless, trusting, cooperative
antagonistic
rude, selfish, suspicious, untrusting
conscientious
careful, reliable, preserving, ambitious
undirected
caress, undependable, lax, aimless
sigmund freud
behavioural psychologist who developed a theory to explain motivation
freuds statement
human personality arises from conflict between our agreesive, pleasure-seeking biological impulses & internalized social reatraints
the id
seeks to being as much pleasure to the person as possible
the id
doesn’t consider anyone or anything except satisfying its own desires
the superego
acts like a conscience telling what and what not to do
the superego
it’s priorities and ideas are often determined by the specific culture the person lives in
when does personality develop according to freud
first few years of life
motivation
drive or impelling power which induces a person to act
maslows hierarchy of needs stage 1
biological and physiological needs
biological and physiological needs
basic life necessities: air, food, drink, shelter, sleep, etc.
maslows hierarchy of needs stage 2
safety needs
safety needs
protection, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc.
maslows hierarchy of needs stage 3
belonging and love needs
belonging and love needs
family, affection, relationships, work group, etc.
maslows hierarchy of needs stage 4
esteem needs
esteem needs
achievement, status, responsibility, reputation
maslows hierarchy of needs stage 5
self actualization
self actualization
personal growth & fulfillment
order of hierarchy of needs
from bottom up
types of strengths to build up resilience
physical
types of strengths to build up resilience
emotional
types of strengths to build up resilience
mental
types of strengths to build up resilience
social
emotion
disturbance of the mind, creating a mental sensation/state
emotion
an instinctive feeling uncontrolled by reason
major influences that shape emotional nature
heredity, learning, maturity
types of love
passionate love
passionate love
intense sexual feeling most often found at the beginning of relationship
types of love
compassionate love
compassionate love
a warm, trusting, & total affection
intimacy
warn, close, sharing relationship
commitment
the intent to maintain a relationship in spite of difficulties
stress
demand upon your physical or mental energy, either a positive or negative reason
stress
may have physiological effects: heart, head, dtomach
fear
body initiates fight-flight-freeze response
fear
heart beats faster, blood pressure & breathing rate increases
fear
emotion that people feel when danger is present
anxiety
feeling connected with worrying about danger that might happen
phobia
intense fear of specific things
sadness
mental suffering over disappointment
sadness
often triggers the need to think about the cause and put the issue into perspective
sadness
usually resolves rather quickly. if not, it could point to depression
happiness
state of subjective well being characterized by positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy
happiness
made up of pleasure, engagement, and meaning
musicophilia
our propensity to music and n how it is central in every culture
biophilia
our feeling for living things
auditory cheesecake
music is useless and our lives wouldn’t be affected if music was gone
music is auditory
music, tones, timbre, pitch, etc.
music is emotional
reaction, emotions
music is motoric
listening through muscles, faces, posture, etc.
amusia
inability to hear music
basic idea behind music therapy
temporarily override neurological issues
plasticity
brain is clay-like and can change in shape throughout lifespan
rites of passage
ceremonies that mark a person’s progress from one stage of life to another
reasons for rites of passage
relieve stress for those going through passage
reasons for rites of passage
help communities stay together
reasons for rites of passage
entertainment for the community
reasons for rites of passage
society (culture) gains because rituals and rites maintain history and tradition
language
sophisticated communication system that includes vocabulary/lexicon as well as a set of rules of grammar outlining its proper use
culture
something shared by everyone in a particular society. learned from one another and from generations
values
standards if what is considered right and morally acceptable
norms
rules that indicate what people should do or how they should act
symbols
something or someone that represents something else, such as an idea, quality, or condition
agents of socialization
family, economic institutions, political institutions, educational institutions, religious institutions
kinesics
the study of non-verbal body movements in communication
proxemics
the study of the distances between people when they communicate
deviant behaviour
any behaviour that goes against the accepted ways of norms of a group
alienation in society
defined as a feeling of separation that people may have when they feel separate from society or from their own lives
aspects of alienation
lack of power, lack of meaning, confusion about being accepted, isolation, personal alienation
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