anthro unit 3

personality

characteristics and behaviours that make each individual unique

personality

an individuals pattern of thinking, feeling, and acting

unstable

worrying, vulnerable, self-pitying, impatient

stable

calm, hardy, self-satisfied, patient

extrovert

sociable, fun loving, talkative, spontaneous

introvert

reserved, sober, quiet, self-controlled

open to experience

imaginative, independent, curious, broad interests

not open to experience

unimaginative, conforming, incurious, narrow interests

agreeable

courteous, selfless, trusting, cooperative

antagonistic

rude, selfish, suspicious, untrusting

conscientious

careful, reliable, preserving, ambitious

undirected

caress, undependable, lax, aimless

sigmund freud

behavioural psychologist who developed a theory to explain motivation

freuds statement

human personality arises from conflict between our agreesive, pleasure-seeking biological impulses & internalized social reatraints

the id

seeks to being as much pleasure to the person as possible

the id

doesn’t consider anyone or anything except satisfying its own desires

the superego

acts like a conscience telling what and what not to do

the superego

it’s priorities and ideas are often determined by the specific culture the person lives in

when does personality develop according to freud

first few years of life

motivation

drive or impelling power which induces a person to act

maslows hierarchy of needs stage 1

biological and physiological needs

biological and physiological needs

basic life necessities: air, food, drink, shelter, sleep, etc.

maslows hierarchy of needs stage 2

safety needs

safety needs

protection, security, order, law, limits, stability, etc.

maslows hierarchy of needs stage 3

belonging and love needs

belonging and love needs

family, affection, relationships, work group, etc.

maslows hierarchy of needs stage 4

esteem needs

esteem needs

achievement, status, responsibility, reputation

maslows hierarchy of needs stage 5

self actualization

self actualization

personal growth & fulfillment

order of hierarchy of needs

from bottom up

types of strengths to build up resilience

physical

types of strengths to build up resilience

emotional

types of strengths to build up resilience

mental

types of strengths to build up resilience

social

emotion

disturbance of the mind, creating a mental sensation/state

emotion

an instinctive feeling uncontrolled by reason

major influences that shape emotional nature

heredity, learning, maturity

types of love

passionate love

passionate love

intense sexual feeling most often found at the beginning of relationship

types of love

compassionate love

compassionate love

a warm, trusting, & total affection

intimacy

warn, close, sharing relationship

commitment

the intent to maintain a relationship in spite of difficulties

stress

demand upon your physical or mental energy, either a positive or negative reason

stress

may have physiological effects: heart, head, dtomach

fear

body initiates fight-flight-freeze response

fear

heart beats faster, blood pressure & breathing rate increases

fear

emotion that people feel when danger is present

anxiety

feeling connected with worrying about danger that might happen

phobia

intense fear of specific things

sadness

mental suffering over disappointment

sadness

often triggers the need to think about the cause and put the issue into perspective

sadness

usually resolves rather quickly. if not, it could point to depression

happiness

state of subjective well being characterized by positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy

happiness

made up of pleasure, engagement, and meaning

musicophilia

our propensity to music and n how it is central in every culture

biophilia

our feeling for living things

auditory cheesecake

music is useless and our lives wouldn’t be affected if music was gone

music is auditory

music, tones, timbre, pitch, etc.

music is emotional

reaction, emotions

music is motoric

listening through muscles, faces, posture, etc.

amusia

inability to hear music

basic idea behind music therapy

temporarily override neurological issues

plasticity

brain is clay-like and can change in shape throughout lifespan

rites of passage

ceremonies that mark a person’s progress from one stage of life to another

reasons for rites of passage

relieve stress for those going through passage

reasons for rites of passage

help communities stay together

reasons for rites of passage

entertainment for the community

reasons for rites of passage

society (culture) gains because rituals and rites maintain history and tradition

language

sophisticated communication system that includes vocabulary/lexicon as well as a set of rules of grammar outlining its proper use

culture

something shared by everyone in a particular society. learned from one another and from generations

values

standards if what is considered right and morally acceptable

norms

rules that indicate what people should do or how they should act

symbols

something or someone that represents something else, such as an idea, quality, or condition

agents of socialization

family, economic institutions, political institutions, educational institutions, religious institutions

kinesics

the study of non-verbal body movements in communication

proxemics

the study of the distances between people when they communicate

deviant behaviour

any behaviour that goes against the accepted ways of norms of a group

alienation in society

defined as a feeling of separation that people may have when they feel separate from society or from their own lives

aspects of alienation

lack of power, lack of meaning, confusion about being accepted, isolation, personal alienation