LAMDA Knowledge - Grade 8, LAMDA grade 8 speaking, LAMDA public speaking theory grade 8

Rhetorical Questions

Do not require and answer - Used to make a point, start discussion or draw listener in - gets audience thinking

Timbre/Tonal Register

Overall 'light' and 'shade' of voice, dictated by voice box and emotions - similar to inflection

Matching tonal register

Note emotions want to convey to maintain interest - Voice will automatically adjust when has emotion in mind

Inflection

Rise/fall in pitch during speech, forming patterns/tunes. Reflects thoughts, personality and moods - flexible use reflects subtle mood changes but conscious effort may stilt speech. Take care of inflection at end of sentences, use variety to maintain engagement/release emotion

Falling Tune

Falling pattern, stressed syllables descend from high-low pitch - Statements, commands, agreement, aggresion

Rising Tune

Descending 3 syllables, rise in pitch at last syllable - Doubt, anxiety, surprise, pleading, yes/no questions

Pace

Speed of spoken language - Variation essential to communication of meaning/mood. Constant fluctuations make for well modulated delivery.

Slower Pace

Lengthen vowels and space between words. Words suggesting size/effort/surprise/long time periods; meaningful/emotional passages; complex phrases with several ideas.

Faster Pace

Shorten vowel/continuant consonant sounds and space between words. Quick, easy, ordinary phrases.

Increasing Pace

Builds to climax of speech. Affected by distribution of stresses in phrase - lighter stressing/rhythmical distribution taken at quicker pace.

Volume

Level of loudness/softness words are spoken at. Constant fluctuations create well-modulated delivery - gentle crescendo/diminuendo.

Shouting

Too much breath forced used, lacks subtlety, can create voice problems.

Effective Use of Visual Aids

Form of non-verbal emphasis - Ensure right amount and level for audience. Refer to visual aids or audience will wonder what there for (frustrating). Practice using correctly: Gesture/move towards/pause, face audience, talk.

Impromptu Speech - Purpose

Engage audience on topic with little/no preparation.

Preparing Impromptu Speeches

Explore potential of each topic and select one best suited to your knowledge, experience and interests. Write ideas in note form. Allow time to practice speech to ensure mentally prepared.

Structure of Impromptu Speeches

Clear structure: Strong beginning, middle with linked ideas, powerful ending to close. Focus on unique approach, fact or statement.

Delivering Impromptu Speeches

Match tone, style and content to intended audience. Note cards a memory aid (headings/key words) - MUST NOT READ!

falling inflection

stressed syllables descend from a higher pitch to a lower one. it tends to be used for completing statements commands etc.

rising inflection

also a pattern of descending stressed syllables but there is a rise of pitch on the last syllable

what is tone

the variation of light and shade in your voice. this is also prompted by the imagination and adds warmth and colour to your voice. tone colour reflects your emotions

what is tone quality

the quality of the sound of your voice which is generated through by your resonators. which a blocked nose the sound can't reverberate

persuasive speech

convincing the audience that your point of view is correct. you need to use a valid argument using key facts and logical progression

informative speech

one that generates interest to inform and stimulate curiosity within audience - it can be narration, description or an exposition - informal language, lighter tone and visual aids, sources citations - stand in front of classroom or lecture hall - the speaker must present the facts without bias

political speech

to motivate the audience to take your side on an issue of public interest. these issues are often contreversial. certain and up to date facts are key.

Humorous speech

to entertain the audience while leading them on a journey to make a point - humour relies on skilled delivery and wit that matches the audience, e.g. could use anecdotes - but the speech must have an underlying purpose - e.g. weddings and after-dinner speeches

vote of thanks

one is given by a speaker on in a debating team and the other is where someone is selected to thank a speaker after the presentation - not often planned and fill w details from the evening. Keep general terms in case forget e.g everyone involved, thanks to host/academy/society. Sincere & brief

Persuasive speech

Passionate, one sided, bringing about change. Emotive langauge, forceful delivery, emphasis for max effect. Raised platform or stage, speaker takes control of proceedings.

Political speech

Firm delivery, distinct viewpoint., well-research quantitive & qualitative evidence & empircal

impromptu speech

Gauge audience & expectations, be brief (oscars)

Tone

Vary to keep engaged e.g excitement higher, lower more serious

Volume

If without mic, breathing exercises so projection without shouting. Varied tone and pace

Visual aids

Minimal, clearly seen. Pamphlets/handouts used for audience refer back to once over w contact information or website