MicroBio Viruses Practice Test Notes

A protein coat surrounding the viral genome

Caspid

Bursting of a cell membrane

Lysis

Outer membrane of some viruses

Envelope

A virus when it is outside a host cell

Virion

An undeveloped virus 

Naked Virus

The components of a virus that are extended from the envelope for attachment

Spikes

A virus that infects bacteria

Bacteriophage

The phase during a viral growth curve when the virus is not detected

Eclipse

A virus that can only carry out the lytic cycle

Virulent Phage

A virus that carries out the lysogenic cycle

Temperate Phage

The phases of the Lytic Cycle

1. Attachment

2. Penetration

3. Biosynthesis

4. Maturation

5. Release

The first phase of the lytic cycle

Attachment 

The second phase of the lytic cycle

Penetration 

The third phase of the lytic cycle

Biosynthesis

The fourth phase of the lytic cycle

Maturation 

The fifth phase of the lytic cycle

Release 

Smallpox is caused by what genus of viruses?

Orfthopoxvirus 

Shingles is caused by what genus of viruses?

Varicellovirus 

The common cold is caused by what genus of viruses?

Rhinovirus 

Gastroenteritis is caused by what genus of viruses?

Norovirus 

Genital Herpes is caused by what genus of viruses?

Papillomavirus

Influenza is caused by what genus of viruses?

Influenzavirus

Cervical Cancer is caused by what genus of viruses?

Simplexvirus

Family that causes Hepatitis A 

Picornaviridae 

Family that causes Hepatitis B

Hepadnaviridae

Family that causes Hepatitis C

Flaviviridae

Family that causes West Nile Fever

Flaviviridae

Family that causes AIDS 

Retroviridae 

Family that causes Chicken Pox

Herpesviridae

Family that causes Ebola

Filoviridae

Family that causes Short-term Hepatitis

Picornaviridae (Type A)

Family that causes Herpes

Herpesviridae

Family that causes Genital Warts

Papovaviridae

Family that causes Serum Hepatitis

Hepadnaviridae

Family that causes Influenza

Orthomyxoviridae

Genus of virus that causes Measles 

Morbillivirus 

Genus of virus that causes Mono

Lymphocryptovirus 

Genus of virus that causes Polio

Enterovirus

Genus of virus that causes Chicken Pox

Varicellovirus

Genus of virus that causes Rabies

Lyssavirus

Genus of virus that causes COVID-19

SARS Coronavirus 2

Genus of virus that causes AIDS

Lentivirus

Genus of virus that causes Herpes

Simplexvirus

Most Resistant Microbe

Endospores of Bacteria

Least Resistant Microbe

Viruses with Lipid Envelopes

Order of Microbes from most resistant to least resistant

1. Endospores of Bacteria

2. Mycobacteria

3. Cysts of Protozoa

4. Vegetative Protozoa

5. Gram-Negative Bacteria

6. Fungi, including most fungal spore forms

7. Viruses without envelopes

8. Gram-Positive Bacteria

9. Viruses with Lipid Envelopes

2nd Most Resistant Microbe

Mycobacterium

3rd Most Resistant Microbe

Cysts of Protozoa

4th Most Resistant Microbe

Vegetative Protozoa

5th Resistant Microbe

Gram-Negative Bacteria

6th Resistant Bacteria

Fungi, including most fungal spore forms

7th Resistant Bacteria

Viruses without envelopes

8th Resistant Bacteria

Gram-Positive Bacteria

The form of viral replication that immediately leads to the destruction of the host cells

Lytic Cycle

The form of viral replication that leads to integration of a phage into the host genome

Lysogenic Cycle

An enzyme brought into the host cell by HIV 

Reverse Transcriptase