In Class Notes 9/10: Classical Conditioning and Maternal Health Insights

Classical Conditioning

Classical Conditioning

A type of learning that occurs through association, first demonstrated by Ivan Pavlov.

Pavlov's Experiment

An experiment where a bell was paired with food, leading a dog to salivate at the sound of the bell alone.

Unconditioned Stimulus (US)

A stimulus that naturally elicits a response without prior learning.

Unconditioned Response (UR)

The natural response to an unconditioned stimulus.

Neutral Stimulus (NS)

A stimulus that does not naturally elicit a response.

Conditioned Stimulus (CS)

A neutral stimulus that elicits a conditioned response after association with an unconditioned stimulus.

Conditioned Response (CR)

The response to a conditioned stimulus.

Little Albert Experiment

An experiment demonstrating classical conditioning in humans, where a baby learned to fear a white rat through association with a loud noise.

Generalization

The process where a conditioned response is elicited by stimuli similar to the conditioned stimulus.

Ethical Concerns

Issues raised by the Little Albert experiment, including lack of informed consent and potential harm to the participant.

Behaviorism

A psychological theory emphasizing the role of environment and learning in shaping behavior.

Maternal Mortality

The death of a woman during pregnancy, childbirth, or within one year of delivery.

Causes of Maternal Mortality

Major causes include cardiovascular disease, hemorrhage, high blood pressure, blood clots, and infection.

Severe Maternal Morbidity

Life-threatening complications related to pregnancy and childbirth.

Preventability of Maternal Mortality

60% of maternal deaths and severe complications are thought to be preventable.

AIM Program

A collaborative effort to implement standard care practices in hospitals to improve maternal health outcomes.

Racial and Ethnic Disparities

Differences in maternal mortality rates among different racial and ethnic groups, with Black women at higher risk.

Quality of Care

High-quality care across the care continuum is crucial for reducing maternal mortality and morbidity rates.

Prenatal Care

Medical care received during pregnancy to monitor the health of the mother and baby.

Postpartum Care

Monitoring and addressing the mother's physical and emotional health after delivery.