Medieval English

Pronunciation of æ

Back (bæc),

Pronunciation of eo

Peasant (ċeorl), deep (drēop)

Pronunciation of ea

Fall (feallan), red (rēad)

Pronunciation of ie

Eldest (ieldesta), hear (hïeran)

Pronunciation of u

Full (full, foul (fũl)

Pronunciation of o

God (God), good (gõd)

Pronunciation of a

Make (macian), boat (bãt)

Pronunciation of i

Sit (sittan), life (lĩf)

Pronunciation of y

King (cyning), bride (br

Pronunciation of e

Help (helpan), feed (fēdan)

Pronunciation of c + a, o, u, y

Cold (cald)

Pronunciation of c (ċ) + i, e

Church (ċirċe)

Pronunciation of g + a, o, u, y

Gold (gold)

Pronunciation of g (ġ) + i, e

Yard (ġeard)

Pronunciation of n + g + i, e

Angel (anġel)

Pronunication of cg

Edge (ecg)

Pronunication of h initial

Loud (hlũde)

Pronunication of h elsewhere

Near (nēah)

Pronunication of sc

Ship (scip)

Pronunication of a, o, u + sc

Ask (ascian)

æfter

Afterwards

eac

also

eft

Again

her

Here

hu

How, question verb and adverb

hwæðre

However

næfre

Never

nu

Now

ne

Negative particle

oft

Often

siððan

Afterwards

sona

At once

swelce/swilce

Likewise

swiðe

Very, greatly

ut/ute

Outside, from without

ac

But

ær

Before

and/ond

And

gif

If

forþam (þe)

Because

oð (þat)

Until

oð (ðe)

Or

swa

So

swa (swa)

(Just) as

þær

There, where

þæt

(So) that

þa (þa)

Then, when (can also be dem. pron. !)

þa…þa…

When…then…

þeah (þe)

Although

þonne

Than (in comparisons) or then, when

ðe

Who, that, which (invariable)

se ðe

He, who (declinable)

to + dat

To, towards, at, as (a), for

þurh + acc., dat. or gen.

Through, by means of

wið + acc., dat. or gen.

With, towards, opposite, against, in exchange for

mid + dat. or acc.

With, by means of

geond + acc. or dat.

Through, throughout

ofer + dat. or acc.

Over, throughout

of + dat.

Of, from

on + acc. or dat.

In, into, on, on to, at

in + acc. or dat.

Into, in

into + acc. or dat.

Into

for + acc. or dat.

For, before, beacause of, in place of, for the sake of

fram + dat.

from, by

be + dat.

About, by

æt + dat.

At, from, to, next to, with, by

æfter + acc. or dat.

After, following, according to, by means of

fela (often + gen.)

Many

Cunnan

Can, know how to

Magan

Can, may, be able to

Sculan

Must, be obliged to, future form : shall

Willan

Want, wish, future form : will

Don

Do

Gan

Go

Witan

Know

Beon, wesan

To be

He, hine, his, him

He, his, him

Hit, hit, his, him

It, its

Heo, hie, hire, hire

She, her, her

Hie, hie, hira, him

They, it plural

Se, þone, þaes, þam, þy/þon

Masculine, this, that, those, the

þaet, þaet, þaes, þam, þy/þon

Neuter, this, that, those, the

Seo, þa, þaere, þaere

This, that, those, the

þa, þa, þare/þaera, þam

Plural, this, that, those, the

þes, þisme, þisses, þissum, þys

Masculine, this, these, the

þis, þis, þisses, þissum, þys

Neuter, this, these, the

þeos, þas, þisse/þisre, þisse/þisre

Feminine, this, these, the

þas, þas, þissa/þisra, þissum

Plural, this, these, the

Ic, me/mec, min, me

I, me, mine, me

We, us, ure, us

We, us

þu, þe, þin, þe

You, your

Ge, eow, eower, eow

You plural, your

He, hine, his, him

He, his, him

Hit, hit, his, him

It/they, its

Heo, hie, hire, hire

She, her

Hie, hie, hira, him

They plural