the palatine bone + the hard palate

where is the palatine bone located/what parts does it form

posterior of hard palate

lateral wall of nasal cavity

posterior floor of orbit

medial wall of pterygopalatine fossa

what are the articulations of the palatine bone

maxilla

ethmoid

sphenoid

vomer

inferior turbinate bone (conchae)

what are the components of the palatine bone

horizontal plate (palatine)

vertical plate (nasal)

tuberosity

orbital process

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describe the horizontal plate

forms posterior 1/3 of the hard palate

foramina between join of horizontal plate and vertical plate - greater palatine foramen (medial side)

describe the tuberosity of the palatine bone

behind the palatine foramen

occupies the notch between pterygoid plates

completes pterygoid fossa

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describe the vertical plate of the palatine bone

completes lateral wall of the nasal cavity

anteriorly overlaps back of nasal wall of maxilla

partially covers maxillary antrum

forms medial wall of pterygopalatine fossa

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what canal is present in the vertical plate

palatine canal from pterygopalatine fossa to palatine foramina

greater and lesser palatine vessels travel through canal

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what does the vertical plate articulate with

articulates posteriorly with the medial pterygoid plate

describe the notch in the vertical plate

sphenopalatine notch (in vivo foramen)

becomes a foramina

nerve from outside travels through into nasal cavity

nerve is referred to as sphenopalatine nerve/nasopalatine nerve

describe the orbital process of the palatine bone

forms posterior floor of the orbit

articulates with maxilla, ethmoid and sphenoid

air sinus for lightness, will get sealed

section of orbital process which creates small portion of orbit

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what does the palate separate and what is it divided into

separates the oral and nasal cavities

divided into:-

hard palate

soft palate

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what part of the mouth does the hard palate make up

anterior two thirds of the roof of the mouth

which bones make up the hard palate

palatal processes of the maxillae

horizontal plates of the palatine bones

when is the premaxilla bony part of the hard palate formed

during embryonic life

from median nasal processes which fuse with palatal process of the maxilla at the premaxillary suture

what are the sutures of the hard palate

midline or median palatine suture

transverse palatine suture

what do the suture lines combine to form

the cruciform suture

describe the midline/median palatine suture

runs from posterior nasal spine

down full length of palate

to central incisor teeth

describe the transverse palatine suture

found where palatine bones join the palatal processes of the maxilla

how many main foramina are found in the hard palate and what are they called

three:

• incisive - lies immediately behind central incisor teeth

• greater palatine - lie anteriorly to tubercle of palatine bone

• lesser palatine - lie posteriorly to tubercle of palatine bone

what are the 3 main soft tissue features of the hard palate

incisive papilla

rugae

palatine raphe

describe the incisive papilla

oval prominence found immediately behind central incisor teeth

covers opening of incisive foramen

describe the rugae

irregular branching ridges of dense connective tissue

radiate from incisive papilla and anterior palatine raphe

describe the palatine raphe

flat layer of tissue covering the full length of midline suture

masticatory mucosa covering hard palate is highly keratinised to withstand constant friction

where do the greater palatine nerves and vessels run

run in the submucosal layer

describe the blood supply to the hard palate

posteriorly, greater palatine artery leaves greater palatine foramen

travels forwards within submucosal layer

anteriorly, sphenopalatine artery leaves incisive foramen to supply anterior palatal gingivae

describe the nerve supply to the hard palate

posteriorly, greater palatine nerve leaves greater palatine foramen, travels forwards within mucoperiosteum

anteriorly, sphenopalatine nerve leaves incisive foramen to supply anterior palatal gingivae

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