some bio review for the semester exam

4 components of phospholipids:

Hydrophilic head, water bilayer, amphipathic, and a hydrophobic fatty acid region

Two macromolecules in the plasma membrane:

Phospholipid and protein

Osmosis moves what to what?

Moves water from low to high (diluted to concentrated)

Microvilli function?

Increases the surface area of the cell in order to absorb nutrients

Facilitated Diffusion

High to low. Requires no ATP. Uses the help of special channels/carriers for large molecules to pass the cell membrane.

Phagocytosis

The intake of large molecules/solids by the formation of a vesicle in the membrane.

Peripheral protein

Water soluble protein that is loosely attached to the exterior/interior surface of the cell membrane.

Integral membrane protein

Protein that is embedded in the phospholipid membrane.

Function of cholesterol in membranes

Small lipid molecule that affects the fluidity of the membrane

Exocytosis steps:

vesicle forms by the Golgi apparatus, vesicle moves to the plasma membrane, vesicle fuses with membrane, the contents of the vesicle secretes.

Pinocytosis

Form of endocytosis but it only takes In solutions/liquids.