Group Influence: Social Loafing and Deindividuation

Sucker Effect

Outcomes not valued lead to decreased effort.

Social Loafing

Individuals reduce effort in group settings.

Facilitation

Presence of others increases individual effort.

Collective Effort Model

Individual effort varies based on group context.

Spotlight Effect

Awareness of others influences perceived effort value.

Social Compensation

Increased effort when outcomes are valued.

Deindividuation

Loss of individuality increases deviant behavior.

Aggressive Tendencies

Crowds can amplify aggressive behaviors.

Cognitive Load

High cognitive load affects decision-making quality.

Self-Awareness Theory

Focus on self influences behavior and attitudes.

Entitative Groups

Tightly-knit groups exert stronger influence on members.

Group Polarization

Groups exaggerate initial tendencies in decision-making.

Risky Shift

Groups may make riskier decisions than individuals.

Informational Influence

Conformity due to perceived superior knowledge of others.

Groupthink

Flawed group decisions due to harmony over analysis.

Normative Influence

Desire for group acceptance pressures agreement.

Mindguarding

Protecting group from dissenting information.

Illusion of Consensus

False belief that group members agree.

Contingency Plans

Plans for potential failures or errors.

Devil's Advocate

Encouraging dissent to improve decision quality.

Constructive Criticism

Feedback aimed at improving group outcomes.

Individual Responsibility

Encouraging personal accountability within groups.

Self-Awareness

Heightened self-focus reduces conformity.

Milgram Experiment

Study on obedience to authority figures.