APHUG Unit 7: Chapter 10 Key Issue 1-2 Vocabulary

Human Development Index

The measurement of the level of development in a country

development

 a process of improvement in the conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology

developed country

 a country that has progressed relatively far along a continuum of development. 

developing country

a country that is at a relatively early stage in the process of development

Gross National Income

the value of the output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, including money that leaves and enters a country

Purchasing Power Parity

the difference in the cost of goods among countries

Gross Domestic Product

the value of the output of goods and services produced in a country in a year, not including money that leaves and enters the country

tertiary sector

involves the provision of goods and services to people in exchange for payment such as retailing, banking, law, education and government. 

primary sector

activities that directly extract materials from Earth through agriculture and sometimes by mining, fishing, and forestry. 

secondary sector

manufacturers that process, transform, and assemble raw materials into useful products, as well as industries that fabricate manufactured goods into finished consumer goods. 

productivity

the rate of output per unit of input. In other words, the value of a particular product compared to the amount of labor needed to make it. 

value added

The gross value of a product minus the costs of raw materials and energy. 

literacy rate

The percentage of a country's people who can read and write. 

pupil-teacher ratio

The fewer pupils a teacher has, the more likely that each student will receive effective instruction.

inequality-adjusted HDI

Modification of the HDI to account for inequality within a country

Gender-related Development Index

An indicator constructed by the UN to measure the gender gap in the level of achievement in terms of income, education, and life expectancy. 

Gender Inequality Index

A measure of the extent of each Country’s gender inequality. 

Female labor force participation rate

The percentage of women holding full-time jobs outside the home. 

maternal mortality rate

Number of women who die giving birth per 100,000 births.

adolescent fertility rate

The number of births per 1,000 women ages 15 - 19. 

women’s empowerment

Refers to the ability of women to achieve improvements in their own status economically or politically.