Periodic Table 1 & 2 Notes Combined

What are the vertical columns in the periodic table called?

Groups or Families

How many groups are there in the periodic table?

18 groups in total

What do elements in the same group have in common?

They have similar properties.

What are periods in the periodic table?

Horizontal rows counted from 1 to 7.

What is Group 1 of the periodic table known as?

Alkali Metals (Most reactive)

What is Group 2 of the periodic table known as?

Alkaline Earth Metals (2nd most reactive)

Which groups are referred to as Transition Metals?

Groups 3-12, known for being common metals with high melting points.

What does Group 17 represent?

Halogen Family (Most reactive nonmetal)

What are Group 18 elements known for?

Noble Gases (They do not react)

What is the main purpose of groups and periods in the periodic table?

To make it easier to locate specific elements.

What are the characteristics of Metals?

Shiny, ductile, malleable, good conductors of electricity, solids at room temperature (except mercury), high melting points, and found in groups 1-12.

What is a Metalloid?

Elements located along the bolded staircase, found in groups 13-17, has properties of metals and nonmetals, poor conductors of electricity, brittle, not malleable, and has a higher melting point than nonmetals but lower than metals.

What are the characteristics of Nonmetals?

Dull, brittle, low melting points, poor conductors of electricity, and found in groups 14-18.

Define Malleable.

A substance that can be stretched into wires.

Define Ductile.

A substance that can be broken into sheets.

What does Luster refer to?

How light reflects off a substance; its shininess.

What does it mean if a substance is Brittle?

Easily broken into pieces.

Define Conductor.

A substance that can carry electricity or heat.

Elements belonging to the same family have the same number of what?

Valance electrons.

Which element in period 2 has the least mass?

Lithium

Which element in period 2 has the most mass?

Neon

To which group/family does Sodium belong to?

1

To which group/family does Silicon belong to?

14

To which group/family does Phosphorus belong to?

15

To which group/family does Sulfur belong to?

16

To which group/family does Chlorine belong to?

17

To which group/family does Argon belong to?

18