Periodic Table 1 & 2 Notes Combined

Groups (or Family):

• Vertical columns that have similar properties that is assigned a group number starting with Group 1 on the left (18 groups in total).

Periods:

• Horizontal rows are counted from the top of the periodic table as periods 1 to 7.

Groups/Families:

Group 1: Alkali Metals (Most reactive)

Group 2: Alkaline Earth Metals (2nd most reactive)

Group 3-12: Transition Metals (Common metal, high melting point)

Group 17: Halogen Family (Most reactive nonmetal)

Group 18: Noble Gases (Do not react)

Groups & Periods:

• The purpose of groups and periods is to make it easier to locate specific elements.

Metals, Nonmetals, and Metalloids:

• Metals make up majority of the P.T, while the metalloids make up the smallest amount of the P.T.

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1. Metals are shiny, easy to shape and flattened, has good conductors of electricity, solids at room temperature (expect mercury/liquid), has a high melting point, and found in groups 1-12.

2. Nonmetals are dull, brittle, easily shattered, has poor conductors of electricity, low melting point, and found in groups 14-18.

3. Metalloids is located along the bolded staircase, has properties of metals and nonmetals, brittle and not malleable , has poor conductors of electricity, has a high melting point than nonmetals but lower than metals, and found in groups 12-17

A. Malleable: A substance can be stretched into wires.

B. Ductile: A substance can be broken into sheets.

C. Luster: How light reflects off a substance; how shiny it is.

D. Brittle: Easily broken into pieces.

E. Conductor: A substance that can carry electricity or heat.