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Obligation
A juridical necessity to give, to do, or not to do, as specified in Article 1156 of the New Civil Code.
Contract
Contracts, on the other hand, are just but one of the
sources of obligations. It is not then entirely accurate that it comes on equal footing with Obligations.
Etymology of Obligations
Derived from the Latin words 'ob' and 'ligare,' meaning to bind or tie together.
Civil Code of the Philippines
codification of laws governing private interests
Roman Law and Debtors
Under Roman law, if the debtor could not pay, the creditor could have him brought to the magistrate who would authorize the creditor to cuff the debtor.
Metaphorical Meaning of Obligations
By the time of Cicero, 'ligatio' referred to a bond of law rather than a physical binding.
Gaiian Order
The structure of the Civil Code which includes three parts: Persons, Things, and Obligations.
Cruelty in Roman Debt Law
Originally, debtors could be chained or sold if they could not pay, showing the severity of obligations in ancient times.
Commercial Law
Obligations form the basis of commercial law, governing interests like the sale of goods and services.
Private Law
The domain covering obligations, which are exclusively concerned with private interests.
Sources of Obligation
Contracts are just one of the sources of obligations in legal terms.