Rate of Natural Increase (RNI)
The annual percentage of population growth of a country for a one-year period, calculated as Birth Rate - Death Rate / 10%
Demographic Equation
Utilizes birth rates, death rates, immigration, and emigration statistics to demonstrate population growth
Crude Birth Rate (CBR)
Annual statistic representing the number of live births per total population x 1,000
Crude Death Rate (CDR)
Annual statistic indicating the number of deaths per total population x 1,000
Total Fertility Rate (TFR)
Estimated average number of children born to each female aged 15 to 45, calculated as Number of Children Born / Women Aged 15 to 45
Dependency Ratio
Ratio of people too young or too old to work compared to those in the workforce
Demographic Transition Model (DTM)
Theory explaining population changes over time, including migration, fertility, economic development, and urbanization
Epidemiological Transition Model (ETM)
Accounts for population growth due to medical advances and predicts changes in population size over time
Zero Population Growth (ZPG)
Occurs when birth rates equal death rates, resulting in no population growth
Population Pyramids
Graphical representation showing population structure, gender, and age distribution of a country or region