Lesson 7 - Acid-Base Equilibrium Systems

pg 503 #2, 4, 5

Ionic Acids and Bases

Undergo dissociation (each ion will become surrounded by h2o molecules)

Covalent Acids and Bases

They Ionize in solutions to become acid and basic (they form new ions)

Dissociation

Existing ions separate

Ionization

New ions created

According to Arrhenius

Acids make H30+ in water

Bases make OH- in water

H3O +

Hydronium Ion

H donor

OH -

Reciving hydrogens

What does the Arrhenius theory not account for?

The behaviour of some bases

Acid base reactions but no water (this theory doesn’t explain how this is possible without water)

Bronsted-Lowry Theory

Acids are proton donors (H+)

Bases are proton acceptors

Conjugate Acid-Base Pairs

An acid and base will differ by only one proton

Strong Acids and Bases

If a acid/base is strong it can be assumed that the H+/OH- concentration is the same as the concentration of the original acid or base

Strong acids…

Dissociate 100%