American dream study guide

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41 Terms

1

Poverty Line

The minimum level of income deemed adequate in a particular country, used to identify individuals and families who are considered to be living in poverty.

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2

The Human Dream

A broader concept that encompasses universal aspirations for well-being, happiness, and fulfillment beyond economic success.

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3

The Dream as a Paradox

The idea that the American Dream, while promoting opportunities for success, can also lead to disillusionment and inequality.

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4

The Dream is Dead

A phrase reflecting the belief that the American Dream has become unattainable or lost its meaning for many individuals.

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5

Colonial Dream

The aspirations of colonists, which included seeking land, wealth, and religious freedom in the New World.

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6

Puritan Dream

The ideal held by Puritans that emphasized living a life of moral integrity, community, and devotion to God.

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7

Native Land & Trade

Refers to the relationship and economic interactions between Native Americans and European settlers, including trade of goods and resources.

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8

African Kingdoms

Refers to the powerful and wealthy kingdoms in Africa that engaged in trade, including the transatlantic slave trade.

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9

Columbus

An Italian explorer credited with the European discovery of the Americas in 1492.

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10

Mercantilism

An economic theory prevalent in the 16th to 18th centuries that emphasized accumulating wealth through trade for the benefit of the mother country.

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11

Triangular Trade

A historical trade system involving the exchange of goods and enslaved people between Europe, Africa, and the Americas.

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12

Movement of Goods

Refers to the transportation and trade of products between regions, particularly during the colonial period.

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13

Spanish Settlements

Colonies established by Spain in the Americas, characterized by missions and the conversion of Native Americans.

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14

The Black Legend

A term describing the negative portrayal of Spain's colonial practices, particularly the mistreatment of Native Americans.

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15

French Settlements

Colonies established by France, often focused on fur trading and relationships with Native Americans.

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16

Fur Trade

An economic activity centered on the trade of animal pelts, particularly significant in the North American colonial economy.

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17

Dutch Settlements

Colonies established by the Dutch, primarily focused on trade and commerce.

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18

English Settlements

Colonies established by England, which varied by region and included agricultural, commercial, and religious motivations.

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19

Joint-Stock Companies

Business entities where investors pooled resources to fund colonial ventures, sharing profits and risks.

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20

Roanoke Theories

Various hypotheses about the fate of the Roanoke Colony, which mysteriously disappeared in the late 16th century.

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21

John White

The governor of the Roanoke Colony who returned to find the settlement abandoned.

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22

Jamestown

The first permanent English settlement in America, established in 1607, known for its tobacco cultivation.

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23

Tobacco Cash Crops

Crops grown for sale rather than for personal use, with tobacco being a significant cash crop in the Southern Colonies.

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24

Southern Colonies

Colonies known for their agrarian economy, reliant on cash crops and plantation systems.

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25

Econ, Gov, Religion

Refers to the interconnection of economic systems, governance structures, and religious beliefs in shaping colonial life.

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26

Plymouth

The site of the second permanent English settlement in America, established by the Pilgrims in 1620.

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27

John Winthrop

A Puritan leader and the first governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony.

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28

Massachusetts Bay Colony

A Puritan settlement established in 1630, known for its strong religious community and self-governance.

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29

New England Colonies

The northernmost colonies, characterized by small farms, fishing, and commerce.

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30

Royal Colony

A colony governed directly by the crown, often with appointed governors.

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31

New York

Originally a Dutch settlement (New Amsterdam), it became a major trade center after being taken over by the English.

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32

The Middle Colonies

Colonies known for their diversity in population and economy, often referred to as the 'breadbasket' for their grain production.

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33

Proprietary Colony

A colony owned by an individual or a group, who had full governing rights.

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34

Historic Witch Trials

Refers to events like the Salem Witch Trials, during which individuals were accused of witchcraft.

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35

Probates & Property Values

Legal documents that outline the distribution of a deceased person's property, providing insights into economic conditions and social status.

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36

Income Inequality

The disparity in the distribution of income among individuals or groups within a society.

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37

Wealth Gap

The significant difference in wealth between different groups in society, often divided by race, ethnicity, or socioeconomic status.

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38

New England Colonies

  • Massachusetts (includes present-day Maine)

  • Connecticut

  • Rhode Island

  • New Hampshire

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39

Middle Colonies

  • New York

  • Pennsylvania

  • New Jersey

  • Delaware

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40

Southern Colonies

  • Virginia

  • Maryland

  • North Carolina

  • South Carolina

  • Georgia

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41

The 3 countries that form triangular trade

Europe, Africa, and the Americas

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