Unit 2 Networks of Exchange

Great Zimbabwe

A medieval African city, part of a wealthy African trading empire that controlled much of the East African coast.

Ethiopia

Known for its rich history and cultural heritage, including its ancient kingdom of Aksum

Samarkand

Is a historic city in Uzbekistan, known for its strategic location along the Silk Roads

Bills of exchange

A document stating that the holder was legally promised payment of a set amount on a set date- and receive that amount of money in exchange.

Banking houses

Banking houses were early financial institutions that facilitated trade and commerce by providing services like currency exchange, loans, and safe storage of valuables

Silk Roads

A system of caravan routes of ancient times and in the Middle Ages which connected Asia with the Mediterranean and European world

Networks of Exchange

Systems of interconnected routes and relationships through which goods, services, and cultural exchanges occur between different regions.

Caravanserai

Provided not only food and shelter but also an opportunity for merchants and others travelling to exchange goods.

Textiles

Became a crucial component of trade networks, with regions specializing in the production and exchange of various types of fabrics.

Porcelain

A ceramic material made by heating material generally including kaolin, in a kiln to temperature between 1,200 and 1,400.

Mongol Khanates

These were the Golden Hordes in the Northeast, Yuan Dynasty or Great Khanate in China, IIkhanate in the Southeast and Persia, and the Chagatai Khanate in Central Asia.

Chinggis Khan (Genghis Khan)

Was the founder and first khan of the Mongol Empire. After spending most of his life uniting the Mongol tribes, he launched a series of military campaigns, conquering large parts of China and Central Asia

Swahili Coast

A long history of various luxury goods as well as enslaved peoples set the region at the center of global intercontinental networks. Linking the Swahili coast to the Arabian peninsula, China, among other places.

Interregional

The exchange of goods, services, and ideas between different regions or areas, often involving long-distance trade routes that connect various cultures and economies.

Commercial

Connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commercial or commercial enterprises.

Indian Ocean trading network

A network of trade routes that connected the countries and regions around the Indian Ocean, including parts of Africa, Asia, and the Middle East.

Monsoon Winds

Seasonal winds that bring significant changes in weather patterns, characterized by heavy rainfall and dry periods.

Dhow

A sailing ship that uses lateen sails

Gujarat State

It was known for its thriving port cities like Surat, which became major hubs for commerce between India, the Middle East, and Africa

Zheng He

A Chinese admiral, explorer, diplomat, and bureaucrat during the early Ming dynasty often regarded as the greatest admiral in Chinese history.

Yuan Dynasty

The first foreign-ruled dynasty in Chinese history to commandeer all of China

The Yuan Dynasty promoted trade and cultural exchange along the Silk Road, which helped facilitate connections between Europe and Asia.

Ming Dynasty

Chinese Imperial Dynasty that ruled from 1368 to 1644, known for its cultural, political, and economic achievements as well as for its significant maritime exploration.

Trans- Sharan trade

A trade that had become famous throughout Europe and Asia. Gold was the most precious commodity traded. For more than 700 years, trans Saharan trade brought considerable wealth to the societies of West Africa, particularly the kingdom of Ghana and Mali.

Camel Saddle

Specially designed seat or harnesses used for riding camels, which were essential for long- distance travel.

Caravans

A group of people traveling together, typically on a long journey. Used for centuries as a means of transportation.

Empire of Mali

Trading empire that flourished in western Africa from the 13th to the 16th century.

Mansa Musa

The ruler of the largest and wealthiest North African country during his reign in 1312-1337 C.E. He became well known for his wealth when he took a lavish pilgrimage to Mecca.

Songhay Empire

The Songhay ruler who ruled from 1464 to 1493

Significance; Embarked on a campaign to conquer his neighbors and consolidate the Songhay empire

Ibn Battuta

Ibn Battuta was a Moroccan scholar and traveler who lived during the 14th century, renowned for his extensive journeys across the Islamic world and beyond.

Margery Kempe

Margery dictated her spiritual autobiography to a scribe. She’s considered the first English autobiography and offers a unique perspective on the challenges faced by a mystic women

Marco Polo

Journey along the Silk Roads to China, where he spent many years in the court of Kublai Khan, opened up new avenues of trade and cultural exchange between Europe and Asia.

Bubonic Plague

The Black Death swept across the world from China to Europe and killed up to 60% of Europe’s population.