social psych exam 1

what is social psychology?

scientific discipline that attempts to understand/explain how thoughts, feelings, and behavior of individuals are influenced by implied presence of others

what is self-fulling prophecy?

when someone’s expectation (about a person/group) leads to that expectation occurring (fulfillment)

what is self?

a social being with the ability to engage in symbolic communication/self-awareness

what is self serving bias?

the tendency to take credit for positive outcomes but deny responsibility for negative outcomes

what is interactionism?

emphasizes the combined effects of both the person and the situation on human behavior

what is social cognition?

ways we interpret, analyze, remember, and use info about our social world

what is dual-process theories?

two ways of thinking about social stimuli: automatic, effortless thinking and deliberate, effortful thinking

what is explicit cognition?

deliberate judgements or decisions of which we are consciously aware

what is implicit cognition?

judgements or decisions that are under the control of automatically activated evaluations without awareness

what is the 1st step of the research process?

observation

what is the 2nd step of the research process?

theory/hypothesis generation

what are the two types of hypotheses?

descriptive and explanatory

what is a descriptive hypotheses?

proposes a specific event, pattern of behavior or data; MUST include prediction

what is a explanatory hypotheses?

proposes a “mechanism” by which the predicted event occurs; MUST include prediction AND explanation

what is the 3rd step of the research process?

select a method

what is a operationalizing variable?

isolating independent and dependent variables

what are constructing operational definitions?

a variable stated in terms of concrete observable procedures

what is the 4th step of the research process?

collect data

what is the 5th step of the research process?

analyze data

what is the 6st step of the research process?

report results

what is an experiment?

changing one and only one thing, and measure how the groups differ

what is a independent variable?

manipulated variable

what is a dependent variable?

measured variable

what is correlation designs?

no variable are manipulated, you just measure how they move

what are ethics?

set of principles for behaving in a way that is morally correct

what is the 1st principle of ethical research?

treat human participants w/ respect

what is the 2nd principle of ethical research?

care for the welfare of animals

what is the 3rd principle of ethical research?

be honest w/ data

what is self awarenes