unit l&k

Blood

a connective tissue that has cells (formed elements) and extracellular matrix(plasma)

Plasma

mainly water with dissolved substances such as plama proteins

Leukocytes

white blood cells/ help our body recognize and fight off foreign substances

Thrombocytes

platelets/ cell fragment stop bleeding when a blood vessel is damaged

Erythrocytes

red blood cells/ carry O2 and CO2 between lungs and rest of body

Hemoglobin

the protein that binds and carries O2

Hematopoiesis

blood cell formation

Erythropoietin

the hormone that regulates the formation and destruction of RBCs

Hemostasis

the fast and localized process the body uses to stop bleeding

Antigens

glycoproteins and glucolipids markers/tags in blood cells

Antibodies

proteins on the cell membrane of RBCs as markers

Agglutinogens

clumping/ RBC antigens

Rh factor

RBCs also have the Rhesus factor antigens, either + or -

Blood flow

the volume of blood flowing through a blood vessel, organ, the entire circulation system in a given period

Blood pressure

force exerted by the blood against the wall of a vessel or heart chamber; can be described with the more generic term hydrostatic pressure

Resistance

any condition or parameter that slows or counteracts the flow of blood

Blood vessels

circulate blood throughout your body. They help deliver oxygen to vital organs and tissues, and also remove waste products

Arteries

carry blood away from the heart

Arterioles

mini-arteries that branch out of arteries into capillaries

Capillaries

transfer blood between veins and arteries

Capillary beds

interweaving groups of capillaries

Veins

carry blood towards the heart

Venules

the smallest vein components that pull blood out of capillaries

Pericardium

The protective sac around the heart that has two layers, which help reduce friction as the heart beats.

Myocardium

The heart muscle layer that contracts to pump blood throughout the body.

Contractile Cardiac muscle Cells

responsible for the heart’s pumping

Pacemaker cells

noncontractile cells that can spontaneously depolarized without neural input

Heartbeat

what is heard through a stethoscope’ associated with the leart valves closes during the cardiac cycle

Systole

when the heart contracts

Diastole

when the heart relaxes

Pulse

The beating of the heart that can be felt as a rhythm in arteries, usually at the wrist or neck.

Electrocardiogram

A test that checks the heart's electrical activity to find problems like irregular heartbeats.

CPR

A life-saving technique used when someone’s heart stops, involving chest compressions and sometimes breathing into the person’s mouth.

AED

A device that helps restart the heart if it stops by giving an electric shock.

Tourniquet

A band that is tightly wrapped around a limb to stop severe bleeding in emergencies.