Nitrous Oxide

Which of the following is NOT a physical property of nitrous oxide?

non-flammable

water insoluble

blood insoluble

lipophilic

water insoluble

What color is the nitrous tank?

Red

Yellow

Green

Blue

Blue

What color is the oxygen tank?

Red

Yellow

Green

Blue

Green

T/F Nitrous is metabolized by the body

false

Nitrous is stored as a

gas

liquid

liquid

Oxygen is stored as a

gas

liquid

gas

T/F the PSI of the nitrous tank stays the same as you use it

true

T/F the PSI of the oxygen tank stays the same as you use it

false

___ indicates the amount of gas being delivered

Pin index system

Breath valve

Flowmeter

flowmeter

If the oxygen stops, the whole system stops because of the ...

pin index system

flowmeter

pressure relief valve

fail safe valve

fail safe valve

T/F you can deliver only nitrous as long as you follow it up with a high percentage of oxygen

false

The minimum amount of O2 is __% of total gases

20

30

40

50

30

The ___ connects the gas cylinder to machine

hose system

pin index system

flowmeter

pin index system

Gas hoses and fixtures use different ___s, aka ___ index safety system

pin

diameter

valve

diameter

Additional room air inlet is provided by ____ if flow is reduced

nonrebreath valve

oxygen flush knob

flowmeter

reservoir bag

reservoir bag

The ___ is used to administer 100% O2

positive pressure oxygen hookup

pressure relief valve

reservoir bag

oxygen flush knob

oxygen flush knob

There is an auxiliary _______ to quickly connect bag/mask - CPR

pin index system

positive pressure oxygen hookup

connecting valve

positive pressure oxygen hookup

Tidal volume is __-__L of flow

1-2

2-4

3-5

4-6

4-6

Tidal volume is thought of as ___ breaths

gentle

deep

gasping

gentle

T/F general dentists can provide moderate sedation with N2O

false

Minimal sedation is considered N2O levels that are

less than 50%

Moderate sedation is N2O levels >50% OR <50% with another agent.

Both statements are true.

First statement is true, second is false.

First statement is false, second is true.

Both statements are false

Both statements are true.

T/F N2O can be used for deep sedation

false

20% N2O/80% O2 is equivalent to _mg of morphine

5

10

15

20

16

_% N2O/_% O2 is equivalent to 15 mg of morphine

10/90

20/80

30/70

35/65

20/80

T/F nitrous not only manages the pain itself but also the fear of pain

true

Nitrous raises/lowers the pain threshold

raises

Which of the following is NOT one of the 3A's of desirable characteristics of nitrous?

Analgesic

Antispasmodic

Anxiolytic

Amnestic

Antispasmodic

Nitrous effects peak within _ (amount of time)

30 seconds

1 minutes

5 minutes

20 minutes

5 minutes

Nitrous is easy/difficult to titrate

easy

T/F there is no limit to how long you can administer nitrous

true

T/F you can't alter the level of sedation during the procedure

false

A patient will reach full cognitive recovery within _ minutes after administration of 100% O2

1

2

5

10

5

Nitrous helps maintain protective defenses. These include cough, gag, hyper-gag reflexes.

Both statements are true

First statement is true, second is false

First statement is false, second is true

Both statements are false

First statement is true, second is false

Using nitrous with other medications like benzodiazepines, opioids, and chloral hydrate, leads to deep sedation. These patients need escorts.

Both statements are true

First statement is true, second is false

First statement is false, second is true

Both statements are false

First statement is false, second is true

T/F using nitrous means you no longer have to use local anesthesia

false

T/F nitrous cannot cross the blood-brain barrier

false

Nitrous is __x the partial pressure of N2 in the body

0.8

18

34

41

34

T/F because nitrous has a higher partial pressure than N2, it expands air-filled spaces

true

The amount of nitrous needed for a patient is affected by

age

elevation

chronic use of other meds

all of the above

none of the above

all of the above

Nitrous' MAC is _%

37

54

72

104

104

t/f potency is related to the mac

true

** Which of the following is/are NOT respiratory contraindication for nitrous?

COPD

emphysema

asthma

respiratory infection

sinusitis

bronchitis

cystic fibrosis

asthma

Which of the following IS a contraindication for nitrous?

B12 deficiency/pernicious anemia

sickle cell anemia

leukemia

hemophilia

B12 deficiency/pernicious anemia

T/F there are no endocrine or hepatic contraindications for nitrous

true

Which of the following IS a contraindication for nitrous use?

mother that is breast feeding

neuromuscular disorder

allergy

bowel obstruction

bowel obstruction

Nitrous crosses the placental barrier. There is no physiological reason nitrous should not be used during pregnancy.

Both statements are true

First statement is true, second is false

First statement is false, second is true

Both statements are false

Both statements are true

T/F you should avoid giving nitrous to a cancer patient receiving belomycin sulfate

true

T/F nitrous is a trigger for malignant hyperthermia

false

Which of the following pre-existing events is NOT a CI for nitrous use?

eustachian tube blockage

retinal detachment repair

transient ischemic attack

transient ischemic attack

If a patient has had eye surgery for which nitrous would be contraindicated, what sign will they have?

green bracelet

yellow bracelet

red bracelet

green bracelet

Nitrous is often not given during first trimester of pregnancy due to risk of

fetal abnormalities

spontaneous abortion

parents blaming abnormalities on nitrous

parents blaming abnormalities on nitrous

T/F ask "how" patients feel not "what" they feel

true