APHG

Acculturation

The process of adopting the cultural traits or social patterns of another group.

Assimilation

The process by which a person or a group's language and/or culture come to resemble those of another group.

Contagious diffusion

The spread of an idea, trait, or concept through a population by contact from person to person.

Creole

A stable, full-fledged language that originated from a pidgin language.

Cultural landscape

The visible imprint of human activity and culture on the landscape.

Culture regions

A geographical area with one relatively homogeneous human activity or complex of activities (culture).

Culture trait

A single attribute of a culture, such as food preferences, architecture, or land use.

Dialect

A regional variety of a language distinguished by vocabulary, spelling, and pronunciation.

Folk culture

Culture traditionally practiced by a small, homogeneous, rural group living in relative isolation from other groups.

Hearth

The region from which innovative ideas originate.

Hierarchical Diffusion

The spread of an idea from persons or nodes of authority or power to other persons or places.

Isogloss

A boundary that separates regions in which different language usages predominate.

Language convergence

The process where languages in contact become more similar.

Language divergence

The process where a language splits into distinct languages.

Language family/language tree

A collection of languages related through a common ancestral language.

Lingua franca

A language mutually understood and commonly used in trade by people who have different native languages.

Loan words

A word adopted from another language.

Pidgin language

A simplified language that develops as a means of communication between two or more groups that do not have a language in common.

Placelessness

The loss of uniqueness of place in the cultural landscape so that one place looks like the next.

Placemaking

The process of creating a comfortable, personal, and memorable place that reflects the identities and experiences of the people who use it.

Popular culture

Culture found in a large, heterogeneous society that shares certain habits or customs despite differences in other personal characteristics.

Relocation diffusion

The spread of an idea through physical movement of people from one place to another.

Reverse Hierarchical Diffusion

The spread of an idea from a lower class to a higher class.

Standard language (official language)

The form of a language used for official government business, education, and mass communications.

Stimulus Diffusion

The spread of an underlying principle, even though a specific characteristic is rejected.

Taboo

A restriction on behavior imposed by social custom.

Toponym

The name given to a portion of Earth's surface