Pharynx, Esophagus, and Stomach

pharynx and esophagus

part of the digestive tract that serves to conduct food to the stomach

lower esophageal sphincter

protects the esophagus from actions of the stomach, such as gastric juices

acid reflux

called “heartburn” but is actually esophageal burn from stomach acid going up through the sphincter

because it can cause scarring that is thick, which can cause food to get stuck

Why can acid reflux be a problem?

parietal peritoneum

abdominal cavity lining that covers the walls

visceral peritoneum

abdominal cavity lining that surrounds the organs

2-6 hours

How long does the stomach usually store food for?

.5-4 leters

volume of the stomach

muscular mixing and low pH

mechanical digestion occurs by…

denatured

the stomach’s low pH causes the proteins to be…

proteins

chemical digestion focuses on…

pepsin

What stomach enzyme focuses on digesting protiens?

liver

the stomach absorbs alcohol and chemicals, which go straight to the…

about 2

What is the pH of the stomach?

bacteria

The stomach’s low pH helps it to kill…

fundus

curve at the top of the stomach

body

main portion of the stomach

pylorus

lower portion of the stomach that is funnel-shaped

pyloric canal

end part of the stomach

rugae

the wrinkles in the inner lining of the stomach

stretch

the rugae allow the stomach to…

pyloric sphincter

contain stomach contents until they’re ready to be emptied into the small intestine

chyme

name for food when it is in the stomach to the end of the large intestines

parietal cells

help with production of hydrochloric acid and intrinsic factor

G cells

produce gastrin to help stomach wall carry out its movements and secrete more of its gastric juices

chief cells

key to creating pepsinogen

gastric juice

pepsinogen, pepsin, hydrochloric acid, mucus, and intrinsic factor are all components of…

zymogens, proenzymes, or precursor enzymes

protein digesting enzymes are released into the lumen in an inactive form referred to as…