DM and Hypoglycemia

what is a long term complication that DM cause

Nephropathy; end stage liver disease

What are the s/s for hypoglycemia

tachycardia, palpitations, tremor, sweating, nervousness

What is the most important prevention for hypoglycemia

• regular eye exams

• Tight BP + cholesterol lvls

What are important teachings for DM foot complications

• check for Bruises, sores 

• No lotion between toes

• Hyperglycemia causes poor healing

Diabetic Ketoacidosis: how is it caused

ineffective amt/complete lack of insulin

what are the early + Progressive + late signs of Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

Early: Head ache, anorexia, fatigue

Progressive: Polyuria, polydipsia, polyphagia —> Dehydration, weakness, lethargy, abdominal pain, N/V, fruity breath, tachycardia/pnea, blurred vision, hypothermia
late:air hunger (Kussmaul respiration, rapid + deep), coma and shock

What are the treatments for Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

• Dehydration = Fluid NS bolus fluid followed by maintenance infusion

• Electrolyte imbalance (hyperkalemia) = Insulin (can cause hypokalemic)

• Acidosis: Insulin drip/boluses until subcut insulin can be given

What are the teachings for Diabetic Ketoacidosis?

Insulin can drop K+; Monitor ✨