Experimental Design and Statistical Analysis

This set of flashcards covers key terms and concepts related to experimental design and statistical analysis, providing definitions for important vocabulary.

Hypothesis

A testable statement or potential answer to an experimental question.

Independent Variable (IV)

The variable that is deliberately manipulated in the experiment.

Dependent Variable (DV)

The variable that is measured or observed in an experiment.

Control Group

Test subjects that are not treated with the independent variable.

Controlled Variables

Variables that are kept the same between all groups in the experiment to avoid affecting the results.

Data Analysis

The process of analyzing collected data to draw conclusions.

Normal Distribution

A set of data that is symmetrically clustered around the mean, forming a bell curve.

Sample Mean (x̅)

The average of all data points in a sample.

Standard Deviation (S)

A measure that indicates the amount of variation or dispersion in a set of values.

Standard Error of the Mean (SEx̅)

Used to determine if two datasets are statistically different.

Error Bars

Graphical representations of the variability of data, indicating the uncertainty of data points.

Statistical Difference

Indicates there is a significant difference between two sets of data, typically when their averages are separated by more than ± 2 SEx̅.