Exam 2 (hopefully)

This muscle originates on the superior rami of the pubis and inserts on the pectineal line of the femur, inferior to lesser trochanter.

Pectineus

What is the function and innervation of the pectineus?

adducts and flexes thigh; Femoral nerve

This muscle originates on the transverse processes of vertebrae T12-L5 and inserts on the lesser trochanter of the femur.

Psoas Major

What is the function and innervation of the Psoas Major?

Strong hip flexor, laterally flexes vertebral column and balances trunk; Anterior rami of lumbar nerves L1,2,3

This muscle originates at T12 and L1 vertebral bodies and inserts on the iliopubic eminence.

Psoas minor

What is the function and innervation of the Psoas minor?

Weak trunk flexor; Anterior Rami of L1,2,3

This muscle originates on the iliac fossa, sacral wing, and anterior SI ligament and inserts on the lesser trochanter and shaft inferior to it.

Iliacus

What is the function and innervation of the iliacus?

Hip flexor and stabilizer; Femoral nerve

This muscle originates on the anterior superior iliac spine and inserts on the Pes Anserinus.

Sartorius

What is the function and innervation of the Sartorius?

Flexes, abducts and externally rotates the hip, internally rotates when knee is flexed; Femoral nerve

Which Quadricep muscle is a two joint muscle?

Rectus Femoris

This muscle originates on the anterior inferior iliac spine and inserts at the common patellar tendon.

Rectus femoris

What is the function and innervation of the Rectus femoris?

knee extension, hip flexion, hip stabilization; Femoral nerve

This muscle originates on the greater trochanter and lateral lip of the linea aspera and inserts on the common patellar tendon.

Vastus lateralis

What is the function and innervation of the Vastus lateralis?

Knee extension; Femoral nerve

This muscle originates at the intertrochanteric line and medial lip of the linea aspera and inserts on the common patellar tendon.

Vastus medialis

What is the function and innervation of the Vastus medialis?

Knee extension; Femoral nerve

This muscle originates on the anterior lateral surface of the shaft of the femur and inserts on the common patella tendon.

Vastus intermedius

What is the function and innervation of the Vastus Intermedius?

Knee extension; Femoral nerve

This muscle originates on the body of the pubis, inferior to the crest, and inserts on the middle third of the linea aspera.

Adductor longus

What is the function and innervation of the Adductor longus?

Adducts thigh; Obturator nerve

This muscle originates on the body of the pubis and inferior rami, and inserts on the pectineal line and proximal part of linea aspera.

Adductor Brevis

What is the function and innervation of the Adductor Brevis?

Adducts thigh and assists with flexion; Obturator nerve

One of this muscle’s heads originates on the inferior ramus of the pubis and ramus of ischium, and inserts on the gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera, and medial supracondylar line.

Adductor head of Adductor Magnus

One of this muscle’s heads originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the adductor tubercle of the femur.

Hamstring head of the adductor magnus

What is the function and innervation of the adductor head of the adductor Magnus?

Flexes thigh; obturator nerve

What is the function and innervation of the hamstring head of the adductor Magnus?

extends thigh; tibial division of sciatic nerve

This muscle originates on the body and inferior ramus of the pubis, and inserts on the superior part of medial surface of the tibia.

Gracilis

What is the function and innervation of the Gracilis?

adducts, flexes and internally rotates hip; Obturator

This muscle originates on the obturator foramen and obturator membrane and inserts on the trochanteric fossa.

Obturator Externus

What is the function and innervation of the Obturator externus?

Externally rotates hip, steadies head of femur in acetabulum; Obturator nerve

This muscle originates on posterior to the posterior gluteal line and dorsal surface of the sacrum and inserts on the gluteal tuberosity and iliotibial tract to the lateral condyle of the femur.

Gluteus maximus

What is the function and innervation of the gluteus Maximus?

Extends hip, assists in external rotation, and stabilizes hip; Inferior gluteal nerve

This muscle originates between the posterior and anterior gluteal line, and inserts on the lateral surface of the greater trochanter.

Gluteus medius

What is the function and innervation of the Gluteus medius?

Abducts femur at hip joint, internally rotates hip, keeps pelvis level; Superior gluteal nerve

This muscle originates between the anterior and inferior gluteal lines and inserts on the anterior surface of the greater trochanter.

Gluteus minimus

What is the function and innervation of the gluteus minimus?

Adbucts femur at the hip, secures pelvis, internally rotates hip; superior gluteal nerve

Condition caused by weak gluteus minimus and medius resulting in a hip shift when walking.

Trendelenburg

This muscle originates on the lateral crest between the anterior iliac spine and the tubercle of the iliac crest and inserts into the iliotibial tract.

Tensor fascia lata

What is the function and innervation of the Tensor fascia lata?

Abducts and internally rotates hip, assists with keeping pelvis level and stabilizes knee; Superior gluteal nerve

What muscles make up the iliotibial tract?

Gluteus maximus and tensor fascia lata

This muscle originates on the anterior surface of the sacrum and inserts at the superior border of greater trochanter.

Piriformis

What is the function and innervation of the Piriformis?

External rotation of extended hip, abduction of flexed hip and stabilization of femoral head; Anterior rami of S1 S2

This muscle originates on the ischial spine and inserts on the medial surface of the greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa).

Superior Gemelli

What is the function and innervation of the Superior Gemelli?

External rotation of extended hip, abduction of flexed hip and stabilization of femoral head; Nerve to obturator internus

This muscle originates on the pelvic surface of the obturator membrane and inserts on the medial surface of the greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa)

Obturator internus

What is the function and innervation of the Obturator internus?

External rotation of extended hip, abduction of flexed hip and stabilization of femoral head; nerve to obturator internus

This muscle originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the medial side of the greater trochanter (trochanteric fossa).

Inferior Gemelli

What is the function and innervation of the Inferior gemelli?

External rotation of extended hip, abduction of flexed hip and stabilization of femoral head; nerve to quadratus

This muscle originates on the lateral border of the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the quadrate tubercle of the intertochanteric crest.

Quadratis femoris

What is the function and innervation of the Quadratis femoris?

External rotation of extended hip, abduction of flexed hip and stabilization of femoral head; nerve to quadratus

This muscle originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the medial surface of the superior part of the tibia (Pes anserinus).

Semitendinosis

What is the function and innervation of the semitendinosis?

Extends hip, flexes knee, internally rotates leg when knee is flexed; Tibial division of sciatic nerve

This muscle originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the posterior part of the medial condyle of the tibia.

Semimenbranosis

What is the function and innervation of the Semimenbranosis?

Extends hip, flexes knee, internally rotates leg when knee is flexed; Tibial division of sciatic nerve

One of this muscle’s heads originates on the ischial tuberosity and inserts on the lateral side of the fibular head.

Long head of the biceps femoris

One of this muscle’s heads originates on the linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of the femur, and inserts on the lateral side of the fibular head.

Short head of the biceps femoris

What is the function and innervation of the Long head of the biceps femoris?

Extends hip, flexes knee and externally rotates flexed leg; Tibial division of sciatic nerve

What is the function and innervation of the short head of the biceps femoris?

Flexes knee; Common fibular division of sciatic nerve.

What muscles make up the anterior compartment of the lower leg?

Tibialis anterior, Extensor Digitorum longus, Fibularis tertius, and extensor hallucis longus

This muscle originates at the lateral condyle and superior half of lateral tibia and inserts on the medial and inferior surface medial cuneiform and base of first metatarsal.

Tibialis anterior

What is the function and innervation of the Tibialis anterior?

Dorsiflexion of ankle and inversion of foot; Deep fibular

This muscle originates on the lateral condyle of the tibia and superior 3/4 of medial surface of the fibula and inserts on the middle and distal phalanges of the lateral four digits (dorsally).

Extensor digitorum longus

What is the function and innervation of the extensor digitorum longus?

Extends lateral four toes and dorsiflexes ankle; Deep fibular

This muscle originates on the middle part of the anterior surface of the fibula and interosseous membrane and inserts on the dorsal aspect of the distal phalanx of the great toe.

Extensor Hallucis Longus

What is the function and innervation of the extensor hallucis longus?

Extends great toe and dorsiflexes the ankle; deep fibular

This muscle ore on the inferior third of the anterior surface of the fibula and inserts on the dorsal base of the 5th metatarsal.

Fibularis Tertius

What is the function and innervation of the fibulas tertius?

Dorsiflexion and aids eversion; deep fibular

What muscles make up the lateral compartment of the lower leg?

Fibularis longus and brevis

This muscle originates on the head and superior 2/3 of lateral surface of fibula and inserts at the plantar base of first metatarsal and cuneiform

Fibularis longus

What is the function and innervation of the Fibularis longus?

Eversion, weak plantar flexion; Superficial fibular nerve

This muscle originates on the inferior 2/3 of the lateral surface of fibula and inserts on the dorsal surface of lateral 5th metatarsal tuberosity.

Fibularis brevis

What is the function and innervation of the fibularis brevis?

Eversion, weak plantar flexion; Superficial fibular nerve

What muscles make up the posterior compartment of the lower leg?

Gastrocnemius, Soleus, Plantaris, Popliteus, Flexor hallucis longus, Flexor digitorum, Tibialis posterior.

This muscle has a medial head that originates on the popliteal surface of the femur, superior to medial condyle, and a lateral head that originates on the lateral aspect of the lateral condyle of the femur, and both insert to the calcaneal tendon to calcaneus.

Gastrocnemius

What is the function and innervation of the Gastrocnemius?

plantar flexes, weak knee flexor; tibial nerve

This muscle originates on the posterior aspect of head of fibula, soleal line, and medial border of tibia, and inserts to the calcaneal tendon to the calcaneus.

Soleus

What is the function and innervation of the Soleus?

Plantar flexion, steadies leg on foot; tibial nerve

This muscle originates on the inferior end of the lateral supracondylar line of the femur and inserts to the calcaneal ligament to the calcaneus.

Plantaris

What is the function and innervation of the Plantaris?

weakly assists gastrocnemius in plantar flexion; tibial nerve

This muscle originates on the lateral surface of the lateral condyle of the femur and lateral meniscus, and inserts superior to the soleal line.

Popliteus

What is the function and innervation of the Popliteus?

weakly flexes knee and unlocks femur by rotating it on fixed tibia, and internally rotates unplanted tibia; tibial nerve

This muscle originates on the posterior surface of the tibia, superior to soleal line, posterior surface of fibula and interosseous membrane, and inserts the navicular tuberosity, cuboid, cuneiform, sustentaculum tali, and base of 2nd, 3rd, 4th metatarsals.

Tibialis posterior

What is the function and innervation of the tibialis posterior?

Plantar flexion, inversion; tibial nerve

This muscle originates on the medial posterior part of tibia, inferior to soleal line and inserts to the base of the distal, lateral 4 phalanges.

Flexor digitorum longus

What is the function and innervation of the flexor digitorum longus?

Flexes lateral 4 digits, plantar flexion, supports longitudinal arch of the foot; Tibial nerve

This muscle originates on the inferior 2/3 of posterior tibia and inserts to the base of the distal phalanx of the great toe.

Flexor hallucis longus

What is the function and innervation of the Flexor hallucis longus.

Flexes great toe, weak plantar flexor, supports medial longitudinal arch of foot; Tibial nerve

This muscle originates on the medial tubercle of calcaneus, flexor retinaculum, and plantar aponeurosis, and inserts on the medial base of 1st proximal phalanx.

Abductor hallucis

What is the function and innervation of the Abductor hallucis?

Abducts and flexes 1st digit; medial plantar nerve

This muscle originates on the medial tubercle of calcaneus and plantar aponeurosis and intermuscular septa, and inserts on both sides of lateral 4 phalanges.

Flexor Digitorum brevis

What is the function and innervation of the Flexor digitorum brevis?

Flexes the lateral 4 digits; medial plantar nerve

This muscle originates on the medial and lateral tubercles of the calcaneus, plantar aponeurosis and intermuscular septa, and inserts on the lateral base of 5th proximal phalange.

Abductor digiti minimi

What is the function and innervation of the abductor digiti minimi? (foot)

Abducts and flexes 5th digit; lateral plantar nerve

This muscle originates on the medial and lateral plantar surfaces of the calcaneus and inserts on the posterior margin of tendon of flexor digitorum longus.

Quadratus Plantae

What is the function and innervation of the quadratus plantae?

assists flexor digitorum longus in flexing lateral 4 digits; lateral plantar nerve

This muscle originates on the tendons of flexor digitorum longus and inserts on the medial aspect of the the lateral 4 digits.

Lumbricals (of foot)

What is the function and innervation of the lumbricals of the foot?

Flexes proximal phalanges and extends middle and distal phalanges of the lateral 4 digits; 2nd digit: medial plantar nerve, 3rd,4th,5th digit: lateral plantar nerve

This muscle originates on the plantar surfaces of the cuboid and lateral cuneiforms and inserts on both sides of base of proximal phalanx in 1st digit.

Flexor hallucis brevis

What is the function and innervation of the flexor hallucis brevis?

Flexes proximal phalanx of first digit; medial plantar nerve