Murdock

organic analogy

functionalists compare society to the human body. all our organs are important to keep us healthy; in the same way, institutions are important to keep society healthy

what are institutions?

education, family, entertainment, criminal justice system

what is the value consensus?

the belief held by functionalists that all members of society agree on the norms and values of society. without this, society would break down and be in a state of anomie (normlessness)

what research did Murdock study?

Murdock (1949) studied 250 societies and concluded that the family is universal. He concluded that the nuclear family exists in every society and is the best to upbring children

what were Murdock’s 4 functions of the family?

sexual drive stabilisation, reproduction, educational, economic

what is the sexual drive stabilisation function and how does it benefit families + society?

the family allows for peoples sexual needs to be met through their partners. benefit for family = strengthens relationship, improves commitment. benefit for society = less breakdowns/affairs

what is the reproduction function and how does it benefit the family + society ?

the biological reproduction of the next generation, without this society could not continue. benefit for family = bond w/ children, sense of belonging. benefit for society = next labor force, keeps society running

what is the educational needs function and how does it benefit families + society?

teaches children the norms and values of society

( primary socialisation ). benefit for family = teaches things that are acceptable vs not acceptable, follow rules of parents. benefit for society = obedient, law abiding citizens.

what is the economic need function and how does it benefit families + society?

the family providing essentials for its members e.g food, shelter. benefit for family = good quality of life, comfort & safety. benefit for society = economy benefits, prevents child poverty