PHA 336 - Minor Burns, Sunburn, Wounds L6

What is the etiology of burns?

Exposure to UV radiation or contact with thermal, electrical, or chemical sources :contentReference[oaicite:1]{index=1}

What causes sunburn?

Overexposure to UVA and UVB rays from sunlight or tanning beds :contentReference[oaicite:2]{index=2}

What causes thermal burns?

Contact with flames, hot liquids, or hot objects

What causes electrical burns?

Electric current passing through the body causing tissue damage

What causes chemical burns?

Exposure to corrosive or reactive chemicals

What are risk factors for burns?

Fire hazards; poverty; children and elderly; alcohol/substance abuse

What are risk factors for sunburn?

Fair skin; prolonged sun exposure; time of day; geographic location

What are risk factors for wounds?

Malnutrition; poor circulation; aging; chronic disease; weight :contentReference[oaicite:3]{index=3}

What are common symptoms of minor burns?

Redness; pain; inflammation; possible blistering

What are common symptoms of sunburn?

Redness; pain; peeling; inflammation

What are common symptoms of wounds?

Pain; redness; drainage; break in skin

What are the depth classifications of burns?

Superficial; superficial partial thickness; deep partial thickness; full thickness; subdermal :contentReference[oaicite:4]{index=4}

Which type of burn can be self-treated?

Superficial burns only

What is the maximum depth of burn for self-treatment?

Superficial (epidermis only)

What is considered a minor burn?

Red, painful, non-blistering burn affecting only epidermis

What are exclusions for self-treatment of burns?

BSA ≥2%; burns on face/eyes/hands/feet; chemical burns; electrical burns; inhalation burns; age ≥65; diabetes; immunocompromised :contentReference[oaicite:5]{index=5}

What is the goal of therapy for minor burns, sunburn, and wounds?

Relieve symptoms; promote healing; prevent infection; minimize scarring :contentReference[oaicite:6]{index=6}

What is the first step in treating a burn?

Cool the burn within 20 minutes of injury

How long should a burn be cooled?

10–30 minutes with cool tap water

What should NOT be used to cool burns?

Ice or very cold water

What is the role of topical anesthetics in burns?

Provide short-term pain relief by blocking nerve signals

What is the duration of action of topical anesthetics?

15–45 minutes

What are examples of topical anesthetics?

Benzocaine; lidocaine; pramoxine :contentReference[oaicite:7]{index=7}

What is the brand name for lidocaine used in burns?

Solarcaine

What is the mechanism of action of topical anesthetics?

Inhibit transmission of pain signals

What are adverse effects of topical anesthetics?

Skin irritation; rash; tenderness

What are key counseling points for topical anesthetics?

Avoid eyes; do not apply to broken skin; avoid large areas; use 3–4 times/day max

What is the role of NSAIDs in burns?

Reduce pain, inflammation, erythema, and edema

What are examples of NSAIDs?

Ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin); naproxen (Aleve) :contentReference[oaicite:8]{index=8}

What are two brand names for ibuprofen?

Advil; Motrin

What is a key counseling point for NSAIDs?

Take with food to reduce GI upset

What are serious adverse effects of NSAIDs?

GI bleeding; renal failure; cardiovascular events; SJS

What is the role of acetaminophen in burns?

Pain relief (no anti-inflammatory effect)

What is a key counseling point for acetaminophen?

Do not exceed max daily dose (3–4 g)

What is a key adverse effect of acetaminophen?

Hepatotoxicity

What is the role of skin protectants in burns?

Reduce pain; prevent drying; protect skin

What are examples of skin protectants?

Petrolatum (Vaseline); cocoa butter; Aquaphor :contentReference[oaicite:9]{index=9}

Does Vaseline promote healing of burns?

Yes, it protects skin and prevents drying

Are topical antibiotics necessary for minor burns?

No, not for intact skin

What is the brand name for triple antibiotic ointment?

Neosporin

What should be used if a patient is allergic to neomycin?

Polysporin (bacitracin + polymyxin B)

What are key counseling points for Polysporin?

Apply thin layer; avoid overuse; monitor for irritation

What is the preferred antiseptic for intact skin around a wound?

Soap and water or saline irrigation

What is a common side effect of hydrogen peroxide?

Tissue irritation and delayed healing

What is the rule of nines?

Method to estimate body surface area burned

What BSA percentage is NOT appropriate for self-care?

≥2%

What is the general treatment approach for wounds?

Control bleeding; clean; disinfect; prevent infection; cover; monitor :contentReference[oaicite:10]{index=10}

What are types of wounds?

Abrasions; lacerations; incisions; punctures

What type of wound can be self-treated?

Superficial wounds

What is a key counseling point for burns?

Do not apply butter, honey, or home remedies

What should be done if a burn worsens after 2 days or not healed after 7 days?

Seek medical attention

What are lifestyle modifications for burns and wounds?

Avoid further trauma; keep area clean; protect skin; monitor for infection

What is the onset of action of topical anesthetics?

Immediate (within minutes)

What is the maximum daily dose of naproxen OTC?

Typically 660 mg/day