UNIT 3 AOS1

Physical Health and Wellbeing

Relates to the functioning of the body and its systems. it includes the physical capacity to perform daily activities or tasks

Characteristics of Physical H&W

-Well functioning body, systems and organs

-Appropriate levels of fitness

-Strong immune system

-Healthy body weight

-Absence of illness, disease and injury

Mental Health and Wellbeing

The current state of wellbeing relating to the mind or brain and its ability to think and process information

Characteristics of Mental H&W

-Positive thought patterns

-High levels of confidence

-Low levels of stress and anxiety

-Ability to think and process information

Emotional Health and Wellbeing

Relates to the ability to express feelings in a positive way. Emotional health is about the positive management and expression of emotional actions and reactions as well as the ability to display resilience

Characteristics of Emotional H&W

-High levels of resilience

-Express and manage emotions in appropriate way

-Experience appropriate emotions in given scenarios

Social Health and Wellbeing

Relates to the ability to form meaningful and satisfying relationships with others and the ability to manage or adapt appropriately to different social situations

Characteristics of Social H&W

-Supportive network of friends

-Supportive and well functioning family

-Effective communication with others

-Ability to manage and adapt to different social situations

Spiritual Health and Wellbeing

Is not material in nature, but relates to ideas, beliefs, values and ethics that arise in the minds and conscience of human beings

Characteristics of Spiritual H&W

-A sense of belonging and connection to the world

-Positive meaning, place and purpose in life

-Peace and hope

-Develop personal values and beliefs

-Act according to values and beliefs

Subjective

Health and wellbeing means different things to different people.

Dynamic

A constant state of change that can be gradual or rapid (dimensions)

Illness

Refers to how an individual feels about or experiences a injury or disease

Health

A state of complete physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual wellbeing and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

Health and Wellbeing

The state of a person’s physical, mental, emotional, social and spiritual existence, characterised by an equilibrium in which the individual feels happy, healthy, capable and engaged

Disease

Physical or mental disturbance involving symptoms, dysfunction or tissue damage

Optimal health and wellbeing

Highest level of health and wellbeing an individual can realistically obtain at any particular time

Optimal health and wellbeing as a Individual resource

-Earn an income

-Gain education

-Exercise

-Work productively

Optimal health and wellbeing as a National resource

-Health system savings

-Increased social participation

-Higher average incomes

-Fewer people rely on social security

-Increased productivity

-Reduced stress/anxiety in community

Optimal health and wellbeing as a Global resource

-Reduce disease transmission

-Assist in promoting peace and stability

-Promotes social development

-Promotes economic development

-Promotes sustainability

-Improves overseas trade

Incidence

Refers to the number or rate of occurrence of new cases

Prevalence

The proportion of cases in a population at a given time

Mortality

Relates to death, often at a population level

Mortality rate

Measure of the proportion of a population who die in a 1 year time period (usually per 100,000)

Infant mortality

Deaths of children between birth and their first birthday, usually expressed per 1000 live births

Under 5 mortality

Relates to deaths of children between birth and their fifth birthday per 1000 live births

Maternal mortality

Death of a mother within pregnancy, childbirth or within six weeks of delivery per 100,000 who give birth

Morbidity

Ill health in an individual and levels of ill health within a population (expressed through incidence/prevalence)

Burden of disease

A measure of the impact of diseases and injuries, specifically the gap between current health status and an ideal situation where everyone lives to an old life free of disease and disability. Measured in DALY

Disability adjusted life year (DALY)

A measure of burden of disease. One DALY is equal to one year of healthy life lost due to illness and/or death. DALY’s are calculated through sums of years lost due to premature death and years lived with a disability

Years lives with disability (YLD)

A measure of how many healthy years of life are lost due to disease, injury or disability

Years of life lost (YLL)

A measure of how many years of expected life are lost due to premature death

Life expectacny

Number of years of life, on average, remaining to an individual at a particular age if death rates don’t change. Usually measures at birth

Health adjusted life expectancy (HALE)

The average length of time an individual at a specific age can expect to live in full health; that is, time lived without the consequences of disease or injury

Self assessed health status

An individuals own opinion about how they feel about their health, their state of mind and their life in general. Commonly sourced from population surveys.