Quantum or Wave Mechanics

de Broglie Relationship

The ________: if light exhibits properties of particles in motion, then a particle in motion should exhibit the properties of a wave.

electron density

The ________ in two regions of an orbital will be equal if those regions have the same absolute value of wave function, regardless of whether that value is negative or positive.

wave function

A(n) ________ occupies three- dimensional space and is called an orbital.

Schrödinger

Besides providing a way to determine the shapes of atomic orbitals, the ________ equation also provides a way to approximate the energetics of covalent bond formation.

VB approach

The ________ provides the most easily visualized description of single bonds, while the MO method is most convenient for describing multiple bonds.

Quantum mechanics

________ (wave mechanics): the branch of science that studies particles and their associated waves.

wave nature

The ________ is reflected by the orbital in which the electron resides.

s orbitals

All ________ have the shape of a sphere, with the center of the sphere at the nucleus.

plot of electron density

A(n) ________ ((wave function) ^2) in a given orbital theoretically reaches to infinity but becomes really small at long distances from the nucleus.

Node

________: any point where the value of the solution of a wave equation is zero.

Wave function

________: a set of solutions to the Schrödinger equation that define the energy of an electron in an atom and the region of space it may occupy.

wave function

Each ________ is associated with a unique set of quantum numbers and with a particular atomic or molecular orbital.

wave function

The value of (________) ^2 is always positive, so the probability of finding electron density in the (+) lobe of a 2p orbital is the same as that of finding it in the-) (lobe.

wave function

The sign of the ________ of a 2p orbital is positive in one lobe, zero at the nucleus, and negative in the other lobe.

The de Broglie Relationship

if light exhibits properties of particles in motion, then a particle in motion should exhibit the properties of a wave

Wave equation

the mathematical equation that describes a wave

Phase

the sign of the solution

Phase changes

changes in sign

Node

any point where the value of the solution of a wave equation is zero

Nodal plane

any plane perpendicular to the direction of propagation (actively spreading) that runs through a node

Quantum mechanics (wave mechanics)

the branch of science that studies particles and their associated waves

Wave function

a set of solutions to the Schrödinger equation that define the energy of an electron in an atom and the region of space it may occupy