APUSH Identification Semester 1

Nathaniel Bacon

English Aristocrat. Hated Indians and Virginian Aristocrats. Got land in Virginia from his father

George Whitfield

A former alehouse attendant; Evangelical preacher

Ben Franklin

“The first civilized American”; Wrote poor Richard’s Almanack

Johnathan Edwards

Tall, delicate, and intellectual pastor; Deepest theological mind ever nurtured in America; Was against salvation through good works

George Washington

Twenty-one-year-old surveyor and Virginian that was sent to the Ohio Country as a lieutenant colonel

William Berkeley

Gov. of Virginia. Cousin by marriage of Nathaniel Bacon

Lord De La Warr

New governor of Jamestown that imposed harsh military regime on the colony; introduced “Irish tactics” against the Indians

George Washington

A wealthy Virginian of great character and leadership who served his country without pay

Benedict Arnold

Brilliant American general who invaded Canada, foiled Burgoyne’s invasion, then betrayed his country in 1780

William Berkeley

Refused to retaliate against a series of brutal Indian attacks on frontier settlements; Chased from Jamestown

General Edward Braddock

Sixty-year-old officer experienced in European warfare; Shot and killed in French and Indian War

William Pitt

“Great Commoner”; Common people would kiss his horses; “Organizer of Victory”;

Anne Hutchinson

Brought to trial for heresy; Boasted she had direct revelation from God; Banished from Massachusetts Bay Colony; Whole family killed by Indians

John Winthrop

Well-to-do pillar of English society, who become the Massachusetts Bay Colony’s first governor; Thought democracy was the “meanest and worst” of all forms of government

Thomas Paine

A radical British immigrant who put an end to American toasts to King George

Richard Henry Lee

Fiery Virginian and author of the official resolution of July 2, 1776, formally authorizing the colonies independence

Roger Williams

Young man with radical ideas and an unrestrained tongue; Hounded his fellow clergymen to make a clean break with the corrupt Church of England; Challenged the Legality of the Bay Colony’s Charter

Thomas Jefferson

Author of an explanatory indictment signed on July 4, 1776, that accused George III of establishing a military dictatorship

General Burgoyne

Blundering British general whose slow progress south from Canada ended in disaster at Saratoga

Benjamin Franklin

Shrewd and calculatingly “homespun” American diplomat who forged the alliance with France and later secured a generous peace treaty

Roger Williams

Bay Colony authorities found him guilty of disseminating “newe and dangerous opinions” and ordered him banished;

William Penn

A “saucy” and “impertinent” fellow; Hoped to excitement with liberal ideas in government and at the same time make a profit

Roger Williams

Fled to Rhode Island area in 1636; Built Baptist church; Established complete freedom of religion, even for Jews and Catholics

General Howe

British general who chose to enjoy himself in New York and Philadelphia rather than vigorously pursue the American enemy

George Rogers Clark

Leader whose small force conquered key British first in the West

John Paul Jones

American naval commander who successfully harassed British shipping

Joseph Brant

Mohawk chief who led many Iroquois to fight with Britain against American revolutionaries

John Tyler

Leader elected vice president on the Whig ticket who spent most of his presidency in bitter feuds with his fellow Whigs

Henry Clay

Leader of Senate Whigs and unsuccessful presidential candidate against Polk in 1844

Daniel Webster

Whig leader and secretary who negotiated an end to Maine boundary dispute in 1842

James K. Polk

Dark-horse President winner in 1844 who effectively carried out ambitious expansionist campaign plans

John C. Fremont

Dashing explorer/adventurer who led the overthrow of Mexican rule in California after war broke out

Abraham Lincoln

Congressional author of the “spot resolutions” criticizing the Mexican War

Zachary Taylor

American military hero who invaded northern Mexico from Texas in 1846 - 1847

Winfield Scott

“Old Fuss and Feathers,” whose unsuccessful presidential candidate against Polk in 1844

Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna

Mexican military leader who failed to stop humiliating American invasion of his country

Nicholas Trist

Long-winded American diplomat who negotiated the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

David Wilmot

Congressional author of resolution forbidding slavery acquired from Mexico

Benjamin Franklin

Elder statesman who lent his prestige to the Constitutional Convention and promoted the “Great Compromise”

Daniel Shays

Revolutionary War veteran who led poor farmers in a revolt that failed but had far-reaching consequences

George Washington

Unanimously elected chairman of the secret convention of “demi-gods”

James Madison

Father of the Constitution and author of Federalist No. 10

Patrick Henry

Virginia antifederalist leader who thought the Constitution spelled the end of liberty and equality

Alexander Hamilton

Young New Yorker who argued eloquently for the Constitution even though he favored an even stronger central government

John Jay

Frustrated foreign affairs secretary under the Articles; one of the three authors of The Federalist

John Winthrop

A successful attorney and lord in England; Bay Colony’s first governor; “City on a hill”

Anne Hutchinson

Intelligent and religious woman who was outspoken about antinomianism

Roger Williams

Popular Salem minister; Extreme separatist; Denied Authority of civil government to regulate religion

Metacom

Massasoit’s son; Forged alliance and waged war on New England colonies; He was beheaded and his wife and son were sold into slavery

William Penn

Englishman attracted to the Quaker faith; He received a grant and founded Pennsylvania (Penn’s Woods)

John Rolfe

Married Pocahontas which ended the first Anglo-Powhatan War

Captain John Smith

Whipped Jamestown into shape

Powhatan

Chief of Powhatan confederacy; Mock executed John Smith; Dominated the James River religion