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What are the 6 components of the synapse
smitter, cleft, chemically gated ion channels, voltage gated ion channels, synaptotagmin, synaptic vesicle
What are synaptotagmin? Where are they found? What are they activated by?
receptors, synaptic vesicle membranes, Ca2+
What does activation of synaptotagmin lead to?
exocytosis of synaptic vesicle
What is synaptic plasticity?
strengthening or weakening of synapses
What does synaptic plasticity depend on?
amount of neurotransmitter release and number of receptors on the postsynaptic membrane
How long does short term platicity last
seconds to mintues
What is synaptic facilitation? When does it occur? What does it result in?
transient increases in synaptic strength, when 2+ action potentials arrive at presynaptic terminal within miliseconds of one another, more NT release
Why does synaptic facilitation happen?
ca2+ is still in the presynaptic terminal when second action potential arrives and causes more vesicle exocytosis
When does synaptic depression occur? Why? What does this lead to?
during repeated stimulus of presynaptic neurons, there is a rapid decrease in available NT vesicles available for release, depression of the postsynaptic neuron
How long does the depression of the post synaptic neuron last in synaptic depression?
until stimulus cessation
What does synaptic depression allow for?
allows nervous system to code for the onset of events rather than signal every event
What is short term plasticity useful for?
habituation and sensory filting
What is the mechanism behind long term depression? What does this result in?
presynaptic neuron fires and the postsynaptic neuron is weakly activated by other inputs, weakening of synapse between pre and post synaptic neurons
What is the tennent of long term depression
neurons that fire out of synch lose their link
What is the mechanism behind long term potentiation?
presynaptic neuron fires and postsynaptic neuron is strongly activated ny other inputs at the same tume
What is the tennent of long term potentiation
neurons that fire together wire together
What are the three characteristics of LTP?
persistent, associative, input-specific
How is LTP persistent? What does this make it?
it is a persistent increase in synaptic strength, suitable long term memory storage mechanism
How is LTP associative
Requires coincident pre and post synaptic avtivity
How is LTP input specific?
When LTP is induced by stimulation of one synapse, there is no effect on other inactive synapses that contact that same neuron
look at slides like 14 and 15 which you skippped
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