Karst Topography and Landscapes
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These flashcards cover key terms and concepts related to karst topography and landscapes, including processes, features, and types of karst environments.
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15 Terms
Karst
Region with primarily carbonate bedrock that is dissolved by dissolution processes, resulting in distinctive topography such as sinkholes and caves.
Sinkhole
A depressional feature formed when the ground collapses due to the dissolution of bedrock, also known as a 'doline' or 'dolina'.
Cave
A subterranean void formed by the dissolution of soluble rocks, commonly limestone.
Dissolution
The process by which soluble rocks like limestone are dissolved by natural acids, primarily carbonic acid.
Stalactite
A mineral formation hanging from the ceiling of a cave, formed by the deposition of minerals from dripping water.
Stalagmite
A mineral formation that rises from the floor of a cave, formed by the accumulation of mineral deposits from dripping water.
Cockpit Karst
A type of tropical karst terrain characterized by numerous cone-like hills and interlocking sinkholes.
Tower Karst
A landscape formed in humid tropics where thick limestone layers are dissolved into high, tower-like formations.
Disappearing Streams
Streams that enter sinkholes and become underground streams, common in karst landscapes.
Carbonic Acid
A weak acid formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water, facilitating the dissolution of carbonate rocks.
Cenote
A natural sinkhole filled with water, often found in karst regions, especially in the Yucatan Peninsula.
Rill Karst
A form of karst characterized by small channels or rills dissolved into very pure limestone.
Speleothems
General term for cave formations like stalactites and stalagmites that are formed from mineral deposits.
Collapse Sinkhole
A type of sinkhole that forms when the underground void created by dissolution causes the ground above to collapse.
Karst Topography
Topography created by the weathering and erosion of soluble rocks, resulting in features such as caves, sinkholes, and disappearing streams.
