bio help

what shape is DNA

double helix

what are the building blocks of DNA?

nucleotides

what are the four bases of DNA?

Adenine (A), Thymine (T), Cytosine (C), Guanine (G)

what are the base pairs rules?

A pairs with T, C pairs with G

what base does DNA have that RNA does not?

Thymine (T)

what does the base of RNA have that DNA does not?

uracil (U)

One structural difference between DNA and RNA

DNA is double stranded RNA single stranded

what is the role of DNA?

DNA stores instructions for making proteins

why are proteins important?

proteins control traits and help cells function

what are the two steps of protein synthesis?

transcription and translation

what happens during transcription?

DNA is copied into mRNA

what happens during translation?

mRNA is used to build a protein

what does mRNA do?

carries the message from the DNA to the ribosome

what does tRNA do?

brings amino acids to the ribosome

what do the ribosomes do?

they build proteins

how do you convert DNA to RNA

use base pairing rules, but change the T to a U

what is a codon?

A group of three mRNA bases that code for amino acids

how do you find the amino acid?

use the code on chart and match the RNA codon