APUSH Exam Review Timeline

Columbian Exchange

The period of contact and trade between the Americas and Europe following Columbus's voyage in 1492, leading to the transfer of goods, ideas, and diseases.

The Great Dying

The dramatic decrease in Native American populations due to diseases introduced by Europeans, resulting in the loss of up to 90% of some Indigenous groups.

Encomienda System

A Spanish labor system that granted colonists the right to demand tribute and forced labor from Indigenous peoples.

House of Burgesses

The first elected legislature in the English colonies, established in Jamestown in 1619.

Starving Time

A period from 1606-1610 in Jamestown marked by severe food shortages, during which many colonists died.

Republican Motherhood

The idea that women should be educated in order to teach their children the values of the new republic, reflecting a slight shift in women's roles in society.

The Proclamation of 1763

An act that prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains in an attempt to stabilize relations with Native Americans.

The Boston Tea Party

A political protest by the Sons of Liberty against the Tea Act, where colonists dumped British tea into Boston Harbor in 1773.

The Intolerable Acts

A series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party, aiming to suppress colonial resistance.

The Olive Branch Petition

A final attempt by the Second Continental Congress in 1775 to avoid war with Great Britain by affirming allegiance to the Crown, but it was rejected.

Judicial Review

The power established by Marbury v. Madison that allows the Supreme Court to determine the constitutionality of laws.

The Louisiana Purchase

An 1803 land deal in which the United States acquired a vast territory from France, doubling the size of the nation.

Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century doctrine that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

The Emancipation Proclamation

An executive order issued by President Lincoln in 1863 that freed all enslaved people in Confederate-held territory.

The 13th Amendment

The constitutional amendment ratified in 1865 that abolished slavery in the United States.

The Gilded Age

A period in the late 19th century characterized by rapid industrial growth, economic disparity, and social issues.

The Populist Party

A political party formed in the 1890s that advocated for the interests of farmers and laborers, promoting reforms such as the direct election of senators.

The Spanish-American War

A conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, resulting in the U.S. intervention in Cuba and the annexation of territories.

Pequot War

An early conflict between English colonists and Native Americans in 1636–1638, resulting in the defeat of the Pequot tribe and increased English dominance.

Bacon's Rebellion

An uprising in 1676 led by Virginia settlers against the colonial government, protesting Native American policies and government corruption.

The Great Awakening

A religious revival in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1740s, characterized by emotional preaching and a sense of personal conversion.

Navigation Acts

Laws passed by the British Parliament to regulate colonial trade, ensuring that colonies only traded with England.

Republicanism

A political ideology emphasizing individual rights, popular sovereignty, and limited government, influential during the American Revolution.

The Boston Massacre

A protest in 1770 in which British soldiers fired on a group of colonists, heightening tensions between Britain and the colonies.

Common Sense

A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776, advocating for American independence and influencing public opinion.

The Great Compromise

An agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that created a bicameral legislature with representation in the House based on population and equal representation in the Senate.

The Federalist Papers

A series of 85 essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay to persuade the citizens of New York to adopt the new Constitution.

Bill Of Rights

The first ten amendments to the Constitution, guaranteeing individual rights and liberties.

Whiskey Rebellion

The Whiskey Rebellion was a tax revolt in the United States beginning in 1791 and ending in 1794 during the presidency of George Washington.

War of 1812

The War of 1812 was a conflict fought between the United States and Great Britain over British violations of U.S. maritime rights.

Monroe Doctrine

The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas, proclaimed in 1823.

Trail of Tears

The Trail of Tears refers to the forced relocation of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands in the southeastern United States to areas west of the Mississippi River.

Compromise of 1850

A series of measures passed by the United States Congress to address the issue of slavery and its expansion in the territories.

Dred Scott Decision

The Dred Scott decision was a landmark Supreme Court ruling that denied African Americans U.S. citizenship and the right to sue in federal court.

Fort Sumter

A location in South Carolina where the first shots of the American Civil War were fired in April 1861.

Battle of Gettysburg

A major battle in the American Civil War, fought in July 1863, that is considered a turning point in the war.

Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan is a white supremacist terrorist group that emerged after the Civil War and sought to suppress the rights of African Americans.

Jim Crow Laws

Laws enacted in the Southern United States during the late 19th and early 20th centuries that enforced racial segregation.

Columbian Exchange

The period of contact and trade between the Americas and Europe following Columbus's voyage in 1492, leading to the transfer of goods, ideas, and diseases.

The Great Dying

The dramatic decrease in Native American populations due to diseases introduced by Europeans, resulting in the loss of up to 90% of some Indigenous groups.

Encomienda System

A Spanish labor system that granted colonists the right to demand tribute and forced labor from Indigenous peoples.

House of Burgesses

The first elected legislature in the English colonies, established in Jamestown in 1619.

Starving Time

A period from 1606-1610 in Jamestown marked by severe food shortages, during which many colonists died.

Republican Motherhood

The idea that women should be educated in order to teach their children the values of the new republic, reflecting a slight shift in women's roles in society.

The Proclamation of 1763

An act that prohibited colonial settlement west of the Appalachian Mountains in an attempt to stabilize relations with Native Americans.

The Boston Tea Party

A political protest by the Sons of Liberty against the Tea Act, where colonists dumped British tea into Boston Harbor in 1773.

The Intolerable Acts

A series of punitive laws passed by the British Parliament in 1774 in response to the Boston Tea Party, aiming to suppress colonial resistance.

The Olive Branch Petition

A final attempt by the Second Continental Congress in 1775 to avoid war with Great Britain by affirming allegiance to the Crown, but it was rejected.

Judicial Review

The power established by Marbury v. Madison that allows the Supreme Court to determine the constitutionality of laws.

The Louisiana Purchase

An 1803 land deal in which the United States acquired a vast territory from France, doubling the size of the nation.

Manifest Destiny

The 19th-century doctrine that the expansion of the US throughout the American continents was both justified and inevitable.

The Emancipation Proclamation

An executive order issued by President Lincoln in 1863 that freed all enslaved people in Confederate-held territory.

The 13th Amendment

The constitutional amendment ratified in 1865 that abolished slavery in the United States.

The Gilded Age

A period in the late 19th century characterized by rapid industrial growth, economic disparity, and social issues.

The Populist Party

A political party formed in the 1890s that advocated for the interests of farmers and laborers, promoting reforms such as the direct election of senators.

The Spanish-American War

A conflict in 1898 between Spain and the United States, resulting in the U.S. intervention in Cuba and the annexation of territories.

Pequot War

An early conflict between English colonists and Native Americans in 1636–1638, resulting in the defeat of the Pequot tribe and increased English dominance.

Bacon's Rebellion

An uprising in 1676 led by Virginia settlers against the colonial government, protesting Native American policies and government corruption.

The Great Awakening

A religious revival in the American colonies during the 1730s and 1740s, characterized by emotional preaching and a sense of personal conversion.

Navigation Acts

Laws passed by the British Parliament to regulate colonial trade, ensuring that colonies only traded with England.

Republicanism

A political ideology emphasizing individual rights, popular sovereignty, and limited government, influential during the American Revolution.

The Boston Massacre

A protest in 1770 in which British soldiers fired on a group of colonists, heightening tensions between Britain and the colonies.

Common Sense

A pamphlet written by Thomas Paine in 1776, advocating for American independence and influencing public opinion.

The Great Compromise

An agreement reached during the Constitutional Convention of 1787 that created a bicameral legislature with representation in the House based on population and equal representation in the Senate.

The Federalist Papers

A series of 85 essays written by James Madison, Alexander Hamilton, and John Jay to persuade the citizens of New York to adopt the new Constitution.

Bill Of Rights

The first ten amendments to the Constitution, guaranteeing individual rights and liberties.

Whiskey Rebellion

The Whiskey Rebellion was a tax revolt in the United States beginning in 1791 and ending in 1794 during the presidency of George Washington.

War of 1812

The War of 1812 was a conflict fought between the United States and Great Britain over British violations of U.S. maritime rights.

Monroe Doctrine

The Monroe Doctrine was a United States policy of opposing European colonialism in the Americas, proclaimed in 1823.

Trail of Tears

The Trail of Tears refers to the forced relocation of Native American tribes from their ancestral lands in the southeastern United States to areas west of the Mississippi River.

Compromise of 1850

A series of measures passed by the United States Congress to address the issue of slavery and its expansion in the territories.

Dred Scott Decision

The Dred Scott decision was a landmark Supreme Court ruling that denied African Americans U.S. citizenship and the right to sue in federal court.

Fort Sumter

A location in South Carolina where the first shots of the American Civil War were fired in April 1861.

Battle of Gettysburg

A major battle in the American Civil War, fought in July 1863, that is considered a turning point in the war.

Ku Klux Klan

The Ku Klux Klan is a white supremacist terrorist group that emerged after the Civil War and sought to suppress the rights of African Americans.

Jim Crow Laws

Laws enacted in the Southern United States during the late 19th and early