Electricity, Magnetism, and Electromagnetism

These flashcards cover key concepts related to electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetism drawn from lecture notes.

The primary function of the x-ray tube is to convert electrical energy to __ energy.

electromagnetic

Most of the electrical energy in the x-ray tube is converted to __.

heat

Unlike charges __ while like charges repel.

attract

The smallest unit of electric charge is the __.

electron

Coulomb's Law states that the electrostatic force is directly proportional to the product of the charges and inversely proportional to the _ of the distance between them.

square

Electric current is measured in __.

amperes (A)

Ohm’s Law states that V = __.

IR

Direct current (DC) refers to the flow of electrons in __ direction.

one

In an electric circuit, resistance is measured in __.

ohms (Ω)

The unit of electric potential is __.

volts (V)

Magnetism is a fundamental property of some forms of __.

matter

A __ is any material that does not allow electrons to flow.

insulator

A __ can be strongly magnetized and is typically made of iron, nickel, or cobalt.

ferromagnetic material

The SI unit of magnetic field strength is the __.

tesla

Electromagnetism refers to the interaction between and .

electricity; magnetism

The definition of electromagnetic induction states that an electric current is induced in a circuit if some part of that circuit is in a __ magnetic field.

changing

A transformer changes the intensity of and voltage.

alternating; current

The quantity N/N is known as the __ of the transformer.

turns ratio

An induction motor is used to power the __ of an x-ray tube.

rotating anode

The magnetic lines of a magnetic field are always in __ loops.

closed

The four factors affecting the magnitude of the induced electric current according to Faraday's Law include the strength of the magnetic field, the velocity of the magnetic field, the angle of the conductor, and the __ of the conductor.

number of turns