Cosmetology State Board Practice Test (146 questions)

Corrugations

Nail disorder - Horizontal wavy ridges caused by uneven growth due to illness or injuries.

Furrows

Nail disorder - vertical lines down the nail plate caused by nutrition, injury or illness.

Leuconchia

White spots on the nail caused by injury to the base of the nail

Onychorrhexis

Split or brittle nails caused by injury, careless filing, vitamin deficiencies, illness, and frequent exposure to strong chemicals.

Hang Nails

Caused by dry cuticle and carlessness in removing the cuticle

Onychomycosis Unguium

Nail fungus caused by a parasite. very contagious

Onychocryptosis

Ingrown nail caused by filing the nail too much, or tight fitting shoes.

Verruca

Warts caused by infectious virus

Onycholysis

lifting of the nail without shedding

5 Basic Nail Shapes

squoval, round, oval, pointed, square

Toner

used on pre-lightened hair to achieve pale and delicate colors after decoloring

Conditioning filler

protein conditioner that will equalize porosity and fill the holes

Color filler

used to replace the missing primary colors

Oxidative

Demi- permenant and permenant color

Non-oxidative color

temporary - physical change only. Semi-permanent.

Double process blonde

decolorizing and toning

What affects lightener working time?

Melanin - the more there is the longer the process. Scalp processes faster because of body heat

Lift

lightening by breaking up the melanin to decolorize hair

Deposit

means that product only deposits color because it does not contain ammonia or high alkalinity necessary to lift

developer

oxidizing agent H2O2 when mixed with ammonia it will break up the melanin and give ability to lift or lighten

Semi-permanent color

non-oxidative, temporary color, stains cuticle, fades in each shampoo.

Demi-permanent color

oxidative, deposit only, deepens or changes the tone

Permanent color

lightens and deposits at the same time. more alkaline ingredients, penetrates the cortex, can't shampoo out

Primary colors

Red, Blue, Yellow

Brown

unequal combo of primary color

Black

Equal parts of primary colors

Warm tones

red, orange, yellow

Cool tones

blue, green, violet

Neutral tones

perfect combo of both cool and warm tones

Eumelanin

Brown to black pigments

Pheomelanin

Red to yellow pigments

Coarse texture

largest diameter, greatest amount of melanin, processing time and lift is affected

medium texture

has a balance of melanin, typically no problems

Fine texture

smallest diameter, least amount of melanin, more susceptible to darker drabber results, more prone to damage

Alkaline Wave

AKA cold waves - ammonium thioglycolate (thio and ammonia). ph - 9.0-9.6, no tension, solution causes hair to swell, processes at RT

Acid Wave

AKA heat waves- glycerol monothioglycolate. ph - 7.8-8.2. will require heat to speed processing

Endothermic

required added heat source

Exothermic

self heating

Croguiqnole

Wrapping technique from ends to scalp, causes tighter curls on ends. also referred to as "overlapping method"

Spiral

hair is not perpendicular to rod - spiraled from top-bottom of rod

On base placement

hair is held 45* forward

1/2 off base placement

hair is held 90* straight up

Off base placement

hair is held 45* down

End paper techniques

double flat, bookend, cushion wrap

Lanthionization

hydroxide relaxer removes 1 of the sulfer atoms converting from a disulfide bond converting it into a lanthionine bond, which is only 1 sulfur atom. can never be reformed

Sodium relaxers are not compatible with :

Thio relaxers

Elasticity

ability to stretch and return to original length without breaking. wet - 50%, dry - 20%

Melanin

color pigment. eumelanin, and pheomelanin

Hair layers

medulla, cuticle, and cortex

Medulla

center core of hair, does nothing

Cuticle

7-14 scale like layers, outer layer of hair

Cortex

has hair pigment (melanin), 90% of hair weight, elasticity, strength, all chemical changes

Skin Layers

Epidermis, Dermis, Subcutaneous tissue

Epidermis

Outer layer of skin, protective/water proof, contains keratin and fats, stratum germinativum

Stratum Germinativum

basal cell layer of epidermis that produces melanin that protects from uv rays

Dermis

"True skin" sensitive layer of connective tissue, 25x thicker than the epidermis, 70% of layer is made of collagen protein, elastin, and blood vessels

Sebaceous glands

oil/sebum glands

Sudoriferous glands

sweat glands

subcutaneous tissue

fatty layer, below the dermis

acid mantle

4.5-5.5

Muscle massage

massage from insertion to origin

insertion

attached end to another muscle or movable bone

origin

fixed attachment to a bone or tissue

Efflerage

light continuous stroking/no pressure, soothing/relaxing

Functions of the skin

protection, sensations, heat regulation, excretion, secreation

Skin

Largest organ of the body, first defense against disease, germs, and environment.

Spread wax on in:

same direction as hair growth

Pull wax strip off in:

opposite direction of hair growth

Methods of temporary hair removal

Shaving, tweezing, electronic tweezers, depilatories (nair)

Ph Scale ranges from

0-14

Acid ph balance

0-7

Neutral ph balance

7

Alkaline ph balance

7-14

Infection Control

controlling germs - sanitation

3 Methods of infection control

sanitation, disinfecting, sterilization

Sanitation

removing visible dirt

disinfecting

kills most bacteria but not all

Sterilization

kills all microbial life

Marvacide

hospital grade, EPA registered, effective against HIV, tuberculosis and hepatitis

Hypertrichosis

unsusal amount of hair growth

Terminal hair

very dark visible hair

Vellus hair

baby fine hair

hyper

more than normal

trich

hair

ology

the study of something

osis

condition

invisible braid

over technique

visible braid

under technique

corrective base to use for yellow

violet

corrective base to use for orange

blue

corrective base to use for red

green

in a test curl you look for what shaped pattern?

"S" pattern

Bloodborne pathogens

disease causing bacteria or viruses carried through the body in blood or body fluids

OSHA

occupational safety and health administrations

EPA

environmental protection agency

Where should you test foundation?

jawline

What are complimentary colors?

colors on opposite sides of the color wheel: red & green, blue & orange, and yellow & violet

Another name for strip lashes

band lashes

Corrective make up is used to do what to the face

hide imperfections

What are MSDS Sheets?

Material Safety Data Sheet