Thermochemistry Lecture

Flashcards covering key vocabulary and definitions related to thermochemistry concepts.

Energy

The capacity to do work or transfer heat.

Kinetic Energy

Energy associated with an object's motion.

Potential Energy

Energy related to an object's position.

Joule (J)

The SI unit of energy.

Calorie (cal)

The amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of 1 g of water by 1°C.

Work (w)

The energy resulting from a force acting on an object over a distance.

Heat (q)

The flow of energy that causes a temperature change in an object or its surroundings.

First Law of Thermodynamics

States that energy cannot be created or destroyed, only transferred or converted.

Internal Energy (U)

The sum of all kinetic and potential energies of the particles in a system.

Enthalpy (H)

A state function that relates internal energy, pressure, and volume.

Calorimetry

The study of heat transfers by measuring temperature changes.

Bond Enthalpy

The enthalpy change associated with breaking a bond in 1 mol of gaseous molecules.

State Function

A property that depends only on the state of a system, not on the path taken to achieve that state.

Path Function

A value that depends on the sequence of steps taken to achieve a certain state.

Specific Heat (c)

The amount of heat required to raise the temperature of a substance by 1°C.

Lattice Energy

The energy released when gas-phase ions are converted into a solid ionic compound.

Standard Enthalpy of Formation

The enthalpy change when 1 mol of a compound is formed from its elements in their standard states.

Hess's Law

States that the total enthalpy change for a reaction is the sum of the enthalpy changes for individual steps.