Unit 4 Vocabulary Test 1 (4.1-4.4)

International waters

The areas of the sea that are not under the jurisdiction of any country.

Genocide

The deliberate and systematic destruction of a group of people because of their ethnicity, nationality, religion or race.

Demilitarized Zone (DMZ)

A strip of land between North and South Korea that serves as a buffer zone between the rival states.

Consequent boundary

Type of subsequent boundary- takes into account the existing cultural distribution of the people living in the territory and develops the boundary lines to more closely…??

Landlocked

A state without territory connected to an ocean

Nationalism

A nation’s desire to create and maintain a state of its own

Colonialism

A particular type of imperialism in which people move into and settle on the land of another country.

Self- determination

The right to choose their (colonies) own sovereign government without external influence.

Decolonization

The undoing of colonization, in which indigenous people reclaim sovereignty over their territory.

Cold War

A period of diplomatic, political, and military rivalry between the United States and the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR/ Soviet Union)

-Started at the end of WWII (1945) - Collapse of the Berlin Wall (1989)

Satellite states

A state dominated by another politically and economically.

Devolution

The process in which one or more regions are given increased autonomy by the central political unit.

UNCLOS

The United Nations Convention on the Law of the Seas (1982)

• Defines maritime borders

Maritime boundary

Division of different claims of the oceans around the shores of the country

• generally accepted to be 200 miles

Berlin Conference

European powers gathered to divide up the continent of Africa and establish borders. Europeans drew political boundaries for their own benefits.

• Caused conflict and violence over time

• Impacted the development of African countries

Demarcated boundary

Boundary with visible marking of the landscape with objects, such as fences or signs.

Antecedent boundary

Borders that are established before there has been major settlement by people in a territory.

Superimposed boundary

Border that is drawn over existing and accepted borders by an outside force.

Relic boundary

Border that no longer exists, but has left some imprint on the local, cultural, or environmental geography.

Neocolonialism

The use of economic, political, cultural, or other pressures in order to control or influence other countries.

Choke point

A strategic strait or canal which is narrow, hard to pass through and has competition for use.

• could be closed or blocked

• Suez Canal, Strait of Malacca, Strait of Hormuz, Bosporus Straight

Autonomous region

A location within a state that is given authority to govern independently from the national government.

Multistate nation

A nation of people that live in more than one state.

• ethnic Russians living in Ukraine, Estonia, Latvia, etc.

Sovereignty

The right of a government to control and defend its territory and determine what happens within its borders.

Multinational

A state/country with various ethnicities and cultures within its borders

Stateless nation

Nations of people without a state to occupy.

• No boundaries

• Sikhs, Basque, Kurds

Nation-State

When the borders of the nation match the borders of the state- a state with (ideally) only one nation within it

• no “true” examples

State

Independent states are the building blocks of the world political map

A state has:

• Defined territory w/ borders

• Permanent population

• Government

• Sovereignty

• Recognition from other states (UN)