Middle Ages Part II

WILLIAM THE CONQUEROR

First Norman King of England, (r. 1066-1087)

Conquered England in the Battle of Hastings

Doomsday Book

Information in this book would help later English kings with tax collection.

HENRY II OF ENGLAND

Inherits the throne in 1154 & increases royal power

Common Law

Royal courts became the foundation of English ______________________, which was applied to all of England.

KING JOHN OF ENGLAND

Son of Henry II

Was forced by his nobles to sign the Magna Carta (Great Charter)

MAGNA CARTA (1215)

Limited the power of the monarch.

CREATION OF PARLIAMENT

Began as The Great Council of Lords and Clergy.

Eventually would become England's legislature.

HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE

Loosely joined union of smaller kingdoms and was an attempt to resurrect the Western Roman Empire.

HENRY IV vs. POPE GREGORY VII

Argued over the practice of lay investiture.

The Concordat of Worms.

The compromise between Henry IV & Pope Gregory VII

lay investiture.

Henry IV & Pope Gregory VII argued over the practice of ________________.

The Crusades

Began in 1096

Series of wars where Christians battled Muslims for control of the Holy Land.

Pope Urban II

At the Council of Clermont he calls for Christians to take back the Holy Land from Muslims

Council of Clermont

Calls for Christians to take back the Holy Land from Muslims at the __________________________.

IMPACT OF THE CRUSADES

Religious hatred between Christians and Muslims continue.

European economies expand

THE RECONQUISTA

Using the Inquisition, it was a campaign to stamp out non-Christians (Jews & Muslims).

Who fought in the Crusades?

Christians and Muslims

Where were the Crusades fought?

Holy Land

Christians & Muslims

The Crusades were a series of wars between followers of these two religions.

Holy Land

Muslins and Christians battled for control of this place.

Trade

How did the Black Death spread?

Parliament

Began as The Great Council of Lords and Clergy.

Impact of the Crusades

Religious hatred between Christians and Muslims continue.

Increased the power of monarchs

Impact of the Crusades

Black Death

Devastating epidemic that struck large portions of Asia, the Middle East, and Europe in the 14th century (1300s).

Devastating epidemic

Bubonic Plague

Effects of the Black Death

People fled cities

Inflation - prices increased

Effects of the Black Death