Studied by 2 people5 factors affecting food security
human population size, number of pests/pathogens, globalwarming/climate change, wealthier population requiring large variety of food, high cost of farming methods
hydroponic
growing plants in nutrient mediums other than soil
biological control
controlling pests by deliberately introducing natural predator of pests
how can gene technology help agriculture
beneficial genes for pest resistance or ability to grow in harsher conditions could be introduced
how can fertilisers/ pesticides help agriculture
pesticides: kill pests that could harm growth of plant, fertilisers: provide plant with all nutrients needed so it grows quicker
how selective breeding is carried out
animals with desired traits chosen, these animals are bred together, repeat process until offspring have desired traits
genetic engineering
altering genome of organisms
new genes introduced into organisms
organisms genes cut using restriction enzymes to create sticky ends. DNA from bacterium is also cut to produce sticky ends. gene inserted into bacteria along with antibiotic resistance gene. antibiotics used to remove bacteria that do not have new genes
transgenic organism
organism that contains foreign DNA
2 advantages of genetically modified crop
better crop yields, food will last longer and taste better
2 disadvantages of genetically modified crop
new genes can easily spread to other plants in environments, unaware of long term effects GM crops cause health
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