Electricity

identify common materials that are electrical conductors

copper, aluminium, silver and gold

identify common materials that are electrical insulators

rubber, plastic, glass, ceramic, and dry wood

how can insulating materials be charged by friction?

When two different neutral insulators are rubbed together the friction provides energy needed to "rub off" some loosely held electrons from the surface of one material onto the surface of the other

Both materials have an opposite static electric charge

what are the potential dangers of electrostatic charges?

spark can ignite flammable fuel vapours, leading to a catastrophic fire or explosion

explain the uses of electrostatic charges in a photocopier

A photocopier projects the image of a document onto a positively charged plate. Where light falls onto the plate, the charge leaks away.

Negatively charged toner particles are attracted to the remaining positive areas. The paper is then placed over the plate, and the toner is transferred to it, creating the photocopy.

explain the uses of electrostatic charges in paint spraying

The paint droplets exiting the nozzle gain charge that comes from nozzle of spray gun

As the droplets all hold the same charge they repel each other so that they spread out into a fine mist

The object to be painted is grounded/ earthed

charged droplets are attracted to grounded object, even the back of it due to electrostatic attraction

switch

lamp

voltmeter

ammeter

Resistor

Light-dependent resistor

Thermistor

Variable resistor

Diode

Light emitting diode

Fuse

Cell

Battery