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What are the three layers of meninges?
Dura mater, arachnoid mater, pia mater.
What is the function of the meninges?
Protection of the brain and spinal cord.
What fills the subarachnoid space?
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
What characterizes the arachnoid mater?
It is a delicate transparent membrane that does not dip into the sulci.
What connects the arachnoid mater to the pia mater?
Fine strands of connective tissue called arachnoid trabecula.
What is a subarachnoid hemorrhage?
Bleeding in the subarachnoid space that results in blood in the CSF.
Where is the lumbar cistern located?
Inferior to the spinal cord, below L1.
What is the purpose of a lumbar puncture?
Sampling of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
What is meningitis characterized by?
Inflammation of the pia-arachnoid.
What are common symptoms of meningitis?
Fever, headache, vomiting, and stiff neck.
What is the role of the choroid plexus?
Production of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF).
What are the four ventricles of the brain?
Lateral ventricles (2), third ventricle, fourth ventricle.
What is the circulation pathway of cerebrospinal fluid?
Produced in the ventricles, flows through the subarachnoid space, and is drained into venous sinuses.
What does the blood-brain barrier do?
Regulates the entry of substances from the bloodstream into the central nervous system.
What is hydrocephalus?
Enlargement of the head due to excessive cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricular system.
What can happen after a 10 second interruption of blood flow to the brain?
It can cause unconsciousness.
What happens with a 1-2 minute interruption of blood flow to the brain?
Impaired neural function.
What vessel supplies the medial aspect of the cerebrum?
Anterior cerebral artery.
What area does the middle cerebral artery supply?
Almost all the lateral surface of the cerebral hemispheres.
What is the Circle of Willis?
A circular anatomic arrangement of blood vessels that maintains blood supply to the brain.
What is an occlusion in a cerebral artery?
Blockage that can lead to stroke and neurological dysfunction.
What is the primary motor cortex responsible for?
Controlling voluntary movements.
What are symptoms associated with posterior cerebral artery occlusion?
Contralateral vision affected.
What characterizes an effective treatment for meningitis?
Immediate antibiotic treatment to prevent infection spreading.
What does the term 'CSF functions' include?
Buoyancy, protection, and chemical stability.
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