Endocrine system hormones

Pineal gland

melatonin

Pancreas

insulin and glucagon

Melatonin function

maintains sleep/wake cycle; high during sleep

Insulin

lowers blood glucose

Glucagon

raises blood glucose

Gonads

Progesterone, estrogen, testosterone

Progesterone

maintains pregnancy

Estrogen

Female sex hormone

Testosterone

Male sex hormone

adrenal medulla

epinephrine and norepinephrine

epinephrine and norepinephrine

fight-or-flight responses, wakefulness, alertness

Thymus

Thymosin

thymosisn

Develop T cells for immunity

adrenal cortex

Androgens, estrogens, ,aldosterone

androgen and estrogen

Secondary sex traits

Cortisol

Managed stress response

Aldosterone

Balances sodium and potassium

Thyroid

calcitonin, T3, T4

Calcitonin

Lowers blood calcium levels

T3 and T4

regulates metabolism

parathyroid

parathyroid hormone (PTH)

parathyroid hormone

increases blood calcium levels

anterior pituitary gland

luteinizing hormone (LH), follicle SH, ACTH, TSH, prolactin, growth hormone

LH

Triggers ovulation and stimulates secretion of estrogen and progesterone

FSH

stimulates production of eggs or sperm

ACTH

Stimulates cortisol release from adrenal glands

TSH

Stimulates thyroid hormone release

PR

Stimulates milk production

GH

stimulates growth and energy

Hypothalamus

TRH, PIH, GHRH, GHRIH, GnRH, CRH,

GHRIH (Somatostatin)

Inhibits growth hormone release

GHRH (growth hormone releasing hormone)

stimulates release of growth hormone

PIH (prolactin inhibiting hormone)

inhibits release of prolactin

TRH (thyrotropin releasing hormone)

Secreted by hypothalamus --> triggers pituitary gland to secrete TSH

GnRH

Stimulate gonads to release sex hormones

CRH (corticotropin releasing hormone)

stimulates release of ACTH by the adrenal cortex

posterior pituitary gland

oxytocin and ADH

Oxytocin

causes uterine contractions and milk ejection

ADH (antidiuretic hormone)

Controls water balance