AP Human Geo Unit 5 vocab pt 1

AP Human Geography - Unit 5 - Textbook Chapter 11 - Part 1 Vocabulary

Organic Agriculture

A farming method that emphasizes sustainable practices, avoiding synthetic fertilizers and pesticides, and promoting biodiversity and ecological balance.

Animal domestication

the process of adapting wild animals for human use, including for food, labor, and companionship.

Commercial Agriculture

A type of farming that focuses on the large-scale production of crops and livestock for sale in markets, often using mechanization and chemical inputs.

Rectangular Survey System

A system of land surveying used in the United States, which divides land into rectangular parcels for easier sale and distribution.

Township and Range System

A land surveying method used in the United States that divides land into townships and ranges for systematic distribution and sale.

Metes and Bounds System

A land surveying system that defines boundaries based on natural landmarks and measurements, often used in the original 13 colonies of the United States.

Long-Lot Survey System

A land surveying method primarily used in areas settled by the French, where land is divided into long, narrow strips that extend from a river or road.

Subsistence Agriculture

A type of farming where crops are grown primarily for the farmer's own consumption rather than for sale in the market.

Shifting Cultivation

A form of agriculture where land is cleared and used for a few years before being left fallow to restore fertility. It often involves rotating fields to maintain soil health.

Slash and burn agriculture

A farming technique where vegetation is cut down and burned to clear land for cultivation, enriching the soil with nutrients from the ash.

Plantation Agriculture

A large-scale farming system that specializes in the production of cash crops, often using labor-intensive methods and typically found in tropical and subtropical regions.

Livestock Ranching

The practice of raising and breeding animals for food, fiber, and other products, typically on large areas of land.

Mediterranean Agriculture

A farming system characterized by the cultivation of crops in a Mediterranean climate, which includes dry summers and mild, wet winters, often involving the production of fruits, vegetables, and olives.

Seed crops

Crops that are grown from seeds, often cultivated in regions with distinct growing seasons.

Root Crops

Crops that are grown from the underground parts of plants, such as tubers and bulbs, typically in tropical or subtropical regions.