Marine Vertebrate Lecture Final Exam

List the subclass of lungfishes:

dipnoi

Lungfishes adapt to flood and dought through ___.

estivation

Describe estivation in lungifishes.

burrow into gound, create mucus layers, and open mouth to allow for respiration

List the derived characters of tetrapodmorpha:

choanae (internal nostrils), fin skeleton

List 4 orders of non-teleosts:

polypteriformes, ascipenserformes, lepisosteiformes, and amiiformes

Name 4 subdivisions of teleosts:

osteoglossomorpha, elopomorpha, otocephala, euteleostei

Osteoglossomorpha includes fishes like ___.

arrowana

Tarpon, bonefish, and eels are part of the subdivision ___.

elopomorpha

Define leptocephalus larvae

an adaptation in elopomorphs where the larvae spend a portion of their life drifting in the ocean

Describe subdivision otocephala

clupeomorpha, ostariophysi

What is Schreckstoff?

alarm pheromone, allows for schooling

What is the weberian apparatus?

smalls bones that connect gas bladder to ear

‘“True teleosts” = ___

euteleostei

squirrelfishes = ___

holocentriformes

toadifshes = ___

batrachoidiformes

gobies = ___

gobiiformes

mullets = ___

mugilliformes

blennies = ___

blenniiformes

silversides = ___

antheriformes

needlefish = ___

beloniformes

killifish = ___

cyprinodontiformes

jacks, etc. = ___

carangiformes

Baracuddas, billfishes = ___

Istiophoriformes

Flatfish = ____

plueronectiformes

mackerels and tunas

scombriformes

seahorses and pipfishes = ___

syngnathiformes

dragonets = ___

callionmyiformes

wrasses = ___

labriformes

perches, basses, snappers, grunts. etc. = __

perciformes

temperate basses, sicklefishes, spadefishes = ___

moroniformes

surgeonfishes = ___

acanthuriformes

anglerfishes = ___

lophiiformes

filefishes, puffers = ___

tetraodontiformes

bending into more than half a sinusoidal wavelength

Anguilliform

undulations are limited mostly to the caudal regions

Carangiform

body is inflexible, and undulation is limited to caudal fin

Ostraciiform

force for locomotion is provided by pectoral fins, while the caudal fin plays a small role

Labriform

move with pectoral fins

rajiform

move with dorsal fin

amiiform

move with anal fin

gymnotiform

move with both dorsal and anal fin

balistiform

What the two forms of drag fish experience?

viscous drag and inertial drag

viscous drag

frictional, resolved by smooth skin

inertial drag

pressure differences result of water displacement, resolved by streamline shape