Blood and Its Components

Flashcards about Blood and Its Components based on lecture notes

What percentage of blood volume is typically composed of plasma?

Approximately 55%

What are the main components of blood?

Plasma, red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets

What are the types of white blood cells?

Lymphocyte, Basophil, Eosinophil, Monocyte, and Neutrophil

From which progenitor cells do erythrocytes, mast cells, megakaryocytes, basophils, neutrophils, eosinophils and monocytes originate?

Common myeloid progenitor

From which progenitor cells do small lymphocytes, natural killer cells, T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes originate?

Common lymphoid progenitor

What is the normal range of red blood cells in an adult woman?

3.8 to 5 x 10^12/l

What is the normal range of hemoglobin (Hb) in an adult woman?

11.5 to 16.5 grams per 100ml of blood

What is the normal range of white blood cells in an adult woman?

4 to 11 x 10^9/l

What is the normal range of neutrophils in an adult woman?

2.0 to 7.5 x 10^9/l

What is the normal range of lymphocytes in an adult woman?

1.3 to 4.0 x 10^9/l

What is the normal range of platelets in an adult woman?

150 to 440 x 10^9/l

What is the function of Glycoprotein receptors, including GPIIb/IIIa, in platelets?

Glycoprotein receptors, including GPIIb/IIIa, in platelets are involved in aggregation

What factors inhibit platelet aggregation?

Prostacyclin and dipyridamole

What is the role of Factor XIII?

Fibrin stabilizing factor, a transglutaminase

What are the three coagulation pathways?

Extrinsic, Intrinsic, and Common

What is the Hageman factor?

XII-Hageman factor, a serine protease

What is the Christmas factor?

Factor IX, serine protease

Which factors are part of the intrinsic pathway of coagulation?

XII, XI, IX

What inhibits the coagulation cascade?

Tissue factor, plasminogen, Protein C pathway, Protein Z dependent protease inhibitor/protein Z (PZI), Antithrombin

What are the key components of a thrombus?

Platelets, red blood cells, and fibrin

What are some characteristics of useful Biomarkers?

High Sensitivity and High specificity, Easily measurable, Diagnostic/Prognostic value, Cheap

What antigens and antibodies are present in Blood Type A?

Antigen A, Antibody B

What antigens and antibodies are present in Blood Type B?

Antigen B, Antibody A

What antigens and antibodies are present in Blood Type AB?

Antigens A and B, Neither antibody A nor B

What antigens and antibodies are present in Blood Type O?

Neither antigen A or B, Antibodies A and B