Prokaryote
very small single celled organism that does not have a nucleus; bacteria
eukaryote
large cells that have a nucleus and form multicellular organisms; plants, animals, fungi and protists
chloroplast
an organelle found in plant cells where photosynthesis occurs
cell wall
strong layer around the cell membrane in plants, algae, and some bacteria
vacuole
cell organelle that stores materials such as water, salts, proteins, and carbohydrates
virus
\n DNA surrounded by a protein shell that must invade another cell and use a host cell's machinery to reproduce itself
cell
the basic unit of life
organelle
small structures inside a cell with specific functions
cell membrane
regulates materials entering and exiting the cell.
cytoplasm
all cell contents that lie between the cell membrane and the nucleus (organells + cytosol)
nucleus
membrane bound; contains DNA; regulates DNA & RNA actions
nucleolus
organelle inside the nucleus; produces RNA, which is used to make protein
dna
Deoxyribonucleic acid; information on how to make protein
chromosomes
organized dna
Endoplasmic Reticulum
Transportation route for Proteins; tubes and channels
ribosomes
\n makes proteins; small circular organelles
vacuoles
storage for water, nutrients, or waste; small membrane-bound organelle.
lysosomes
\n Packets of enzymes that break down materials in a cell; small membrane-bound organelles
mitocondria
\n produce energy for the cell-site of cellular respiration; "Powerhouse"; double membrane-bound, kidney shaped
Golgi Apparatus
Packages, labels, and ships proteins out of the cell; pancake-shaped layered organelle
cytoskeleton
Provides support and structure for the cell; tubules
flagella
one long fiber that provides movement for the cell
cilia
many short fibers that provide movement for the cell
hydrophilic
part of the cell membrane that loves water (head portion)
hydrophobic
part of the cell membrane that hates water (tails portion)