prototype drugs unit 5

pain, inflammation, fever

analgesia

medications that receive pain without causing loss of consciousness

equianalgesia (equidosing)

the dose of each opioid required to provide relief

types of pain

neuropathic, phantom, referred, somatic, vascular, visceral, breakthrough, and terminal/illness

neuropathic pain

results from a disturbance of function in a nerve

phantom pain

pain in a body part that has been removed

referred pain

pain in an area away from origin

somatic pain

pain that originates from skeletal muscles, ligaments, or joints

vascular pain

pain that originates from pathology of the vascular/perivascular tissue

visceral pain

pain that originates from organs or smooth muscles

breakthrough pain

pain that occurs between doses of pain meds

terminal illness/disease

pain caused by illness itself

acute pain

sudden onset

chronic pain

persistent pain lasting longer than or equal to 6 months

why is chronic pain harder to treat?

due to changes in the nervous system, requiring higher med dosages

potential issues

tolerance, dependence, addiction

tolerance

how receptive they are to opioids due to exposure

dependence

physical dependence on drug

addiction

psychological dependence on drug; patient’s primary focus in daily living is drug

affect

expression of emotion

non-pharmacological treatment

massage, heat/cold, imagery, biofeedback, acupuncture

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID)

ASA

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID)

ibuprofen

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID)

naproxen

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID)

ketorolac

non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (NSAID)

celecoxib

non-opioid (narcotic) agent

acetaminophen

opioid (narcotic) analgesic

codeine

opioid (narcotic) analgesic

meperidine

opioid (narcotic) analgesic

hydromorphone

opioid (narcotic) analgesic

fentanyl

actiq

transmucosal fentanyl

duragesic

topical patch fentanyl

sublimaze

IV fentanyl

opioid (narcotic) analgesic

morphine

routes for morphine

IV, IM, SQ

opioid (narcotic) analgesic

hydrocodone/acetaminophen (vicodin)

opioid (narcotic) analgesic

oxycodone/acetaminophen (percocet)

pharmacological treatment for migraine headaches

seretonin receptor agonists and a agonists

seretonin receptor agonists

sumatriptan

a agonist

midodrine

inflammation treatment for gout and injury

colchicine

inflammation treatment for gout and injury

allopurinol

prototype drug for osteoarthritis treatment

acetaminophen

pharmacological treatment for fever

acetaminophen

pharmacological treatment for fever

ibuprofen

pharmacological treatment for fever

ASA

why is aspirin contraindicated for children?

Reye’s syndrome