boyer lab practical 2

skeletal muscle

A muscle that is attached to the bones of the skeleton and provides the force that moves the bones.

cardiac muscle

Involuntary muscle tissue found only in the heart.

smooth muscle

Involuntary muscle found inside many internal organs of the body and blood vessels.

pectoralis major (cat)

Origin: Clavicle, sternum, costal cartilages of second to sixth ribs

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Flexes, adducts, and rotates shoulder joint medially.

pectoralis minor (cat)

Origin: Sternal ends of third, fourth, and fifth ribs

Insertion: Coracoid process of scapula

Action: Pulls scapula forward and downwards.

pectoantebrachialis (cat)

No Origin etc; listed on paper.

xiphihumeralis (cat)

No orgin etc; listed on paper.

spinodeltoid (cat)

Origin: Scapula (spine)

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Elevates and rotates humerus.

acrominodeltoid

Origin: Scapula

Insertion: Spinodeltoid

Action: Abduct and rotate humerus.

clavobrachialis (calvodeltoid)

No orgin etc; listed on paper.

levator scapulae ventralis (cat)

Origin: First to fourth cervical vertebrae

Insertion: Superior border of scapula

Action: Elevation and Adduction of the scapula

clavotrapezius (cat)

Origin: Occipital bone and spines of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Clavicle, acrominon and spine of scapula

Action: Elevates, depresses, and aducts scapula; hyperextends neck.

acromiotrapezius (cat)

Origin: Occipital bone and spines of cervical and thoracic vertebrae

Insertion: Clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapula

Action: Elevates, depresses, and adducts scapula; hyperextends neck.

external oblique (cat)

Origin: Lumbodorsal fascia and ribs

Insertion: Linia alba and pubis

Action: Constricts abdomen

internal oblique (cat)

Origin: Lliac crest, lumbodorsal fascia (fascia on back), and inguinal ligament

Insertion: Linea alba, costal cartliages of last three or four ribs and pubis

Action: Compresses abdomen, lateral rotation

transversus abdominis (cat)

Origin: Costal cartilage false ribs, L vertebrae, ilium

Insertion: Linea alba

Action: Compresses abdomen

rectus abdominis (cat)

Origin: Pubis

Insertion: Sternum and costal ribs

Action: Compresses abdomen

latissimus dorsi (cat)

Origin: Spines of sacral, lumbar, and lower thoracic vertebrae; lower ribs

Insertion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Action: Extends, adducts, and rotates should joint medially; adducts shoulder joint.

triceps brachii (cat)

Origin: Lateral and medial heads originate on humerus and long head originates on scapula

Insertion: Olecranon of ulna

Action: Extends forearm

brachioradialis (cat)

Origin: Humerus

Insertion: Proximal to styloid process of radius

Action: Flexes forearm

serratus ventralis (cat)

Origin: Ribs 1-10

Insertion: Scapula

Action: Pulls scapula forward & depresses it

supraspinatus (cat)

Origin: Supraspinous fossa of the scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Abducts and laterally rotates shoulder joint.

infraspinatus (cat)

Origin: Scapula (infraspinatus fossa)

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Rotates arm laterally

teres major (cat)

Origin: Axillary border of scapula

Insertion: Greater tubercle of humerus

Action: Rotates arm laterally

biceps brachii (cat)

Origin: Short head-corocoid process; Long head-Supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

Insertion: Radial tuberosity

Action: Flexes elbow joint; supinates forearm and hand at radioulnar joint.

gastrocnemius (cat)

Origin: Lateral head originates on lateral condyle of femur; Medial head originates on medial condyle of femur

Insertion: Both heads insert on calcaneus bone via the achilles (calcaneal) tendon

Action: Plantar flexes the foot

tibialis anterior (cat)

Origin: Lateral condyle and body of tibia

Insertion: First metatarsal and first cuneiform (medial tarsal in first row)

Action: Dorsiflexion of ankle and inversion of foot

soleus (cat)

Origin: Proximal heads of fibula of tibia

Insertion: Calcaneus bone via achilles tendon

Action: Plantar flexes the foot

sartorius (cat)

Origin: Spine of the ilium (on iliac crest)

Insertion: Medial surface of tibia

Action: Flexes leg and thigh; abducts thigh; rotates thigh laterally and rotates leg medially

gracilis (cat)

Origin: Inferior edge of symphysis pubis

Insertion: Tibia

Action: Adducts thigh; flexes and rotates leg at knee

semimembranosus (cat)

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Medial condyle of tibia

Action: Flexes knee

semitendinosus (cat)

Origin: Ischial tuberosity

Insertion: Tibia

Action: Flexes knee

gluteus maximus (cat)

Origin: Iliac crest, sacrum, coccyx and aponeurosis of lumbar region

Insertion: Gluteal tuberosity of femur and iliotibial tract

Action: Extends and rotates thigh laterally

gluteus medius (cat)

Origin: Lateral surface of ilium

Insertion: Greater trochanter of femur

Action: Abducts and rotates thigh medially

adductor longus (cat)

Origin: Pubis (near symphysis pubis)

Insertion: Linea aspera of femur

Action: Adducts, flexes and laterally rotates thigh

vastus lateralis (cat)

Origin: Greater trochanter and linea aspera of femur

Insertion: Patella via the patellar tendon

Action: Extends knee

rectus femoris (cat)

Origin: Inferior spine of ilium and on acetabulum of os coxa

Insertion: Patella via the patellar tendon

Action: Extends knee

vastus medialis (cat)

Origin: Linea aspera of femur