Wrist_and_Hand__Congenital__Anomalies__and__Normal_Variants

What is Madelung’s Deformity?

A condition characterized by premature fusion of the medial portion of the distal radial physis, resulting in a short bowed radius, ulnar tilt, and dorsal subluxation of the ulna.

What causes Madelung’s Deformity?

Trauma, dysplasia, genetic syndromes, or idiopathic causes.

What is Carpal Coalition?

Fusion of two or more carpal bones, which can be acquired or congenital.

What is the most common type of Carpal Coalition?

The luno-triquetral coalition.

What percentage of Carpal Coalition cases are bilateral?

60%.

What is Distal Radioulnar Synostosis?

An abnormal osseous or fibrous fusion of the distal radius and ulna.

What is Polydactyly?

An increase in the number of fingers or toes.

What is the most common developmental anomaly of the hand?

Syndactyly.

What is Syndactyly?

Fusion of the skin between digits or bony fusion of phalanges of adjacent digits.

When does Syndactyly occur during fetal development?

During the 5th week.

What are the two main types of fusion in Syndactyly?

Fusion of skin (syndactyly) and bony fusion (synostosis) of phalanges.

What are the potential causes of Carpal Coalition?

Acquired causes such as inflammatory arthritis or congenital causes due to failure of embryonic cartilaginous segmentation.

What imaging course are these abnormalities associated with?

RAD6210 - Normal Imaging of the Spine & Extremities.

Who is the instructor for the RAD6210 course?

Dr. F. Jarrett-Thelwell.

What is the result of Madelung's Deformity on the radius and ulna?

It causes a relatively long ulna compared to the radius.

What kind of fusion does Distal Radioulnar Synostosis represent?

Either osseous or fibrous fusion.

What is the resource link provided for further information on Post-Traumatic Distal Radioulnar Synostosis?

https://www.sciencedirect.com.

What are the consequences of Madelung's Deformity on the distal radial articular surface?

Ulnar tilt and volar tilt.

Is Syndactyly more commonly associated with skin fusion or bony fusion?

It is the most common developmental anomaly, associated with both skin and bony fusion.

What is a significant characteristic of the luno-triquetral coalition?

It is the most common coalition among carpal bones.

In Syndactyly, what typically occurs during the 5th week of fetal development?

The fusion of digits.

Identify one acquired cause of Carpal Coalition.

Inflammatory arthritis.

Identify one congenital cause of Carpal Coalition.

Failure of embryonic cartilaginous segmentation.

How does Madelung's Deformity generally affect the ulna?

It may lead to dorsal subluxation or dislocation at the distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ).

In Polydactyly, what is the common effect on fingers or toes?

An increase in their number.

What is the likely outcome for the distal articular surface of the radius in patients with Madelung’s Deformity?

It experiences both ulnar and volar tilt.

What age range is typically observed in clinical presentations of Syndactyly?

It is usually diagnosed at birth or shortly after.

What distinguishing feature does Distal Radioulnar Synostosis demonstrate?

Abnormal fusion of the radius and ulna.

What is a common consequence of abnormal development in carpal bones?

Carpal Coalition.

What is considered a normal variant in wrist and hand congenital anomalies?

Syndactyly and Polydactyly can be considered normal variants in some cases.

How does the presence of Madelung’s Deformity affect forearm movement?

It can limit or alter the range of motion due to the altered alignment of bones.

What is the medical term for a fusion of two or more carpal bones?

Carpal Coalition.

In what context would you'd find Madelung's Deformity mentioned?

In discussions of congenital deformities affecting the wrist and hand.

What type of professional typically addresses conditions like Syndactyly and Polydactyly?

Pediatric orthopedic surgeons or hand specialists.

How does Madelung's Deformity impact the relative length of the ulna?

It is usually longer in comparison to the radius.

What links to further details on Polydactyly were provided?

http://radiopaedia.org/articles/polydactyly.

Is Madelung’s Deformity commonly genetic in nature?

Yes, it can be associated with genetic syndromes.

What is the role of imaging in diagnosing these wrist and hand anomalies?

Imaging assists in visualizing bone structure and abnormalities for proper diagnosis.

What type of imaging course includes congenital anomalies like Syndactyly and Polydactyly?

RAD6210 - Normal Imaging of the Spine & Extremities.

What is a frequent outcome of congenital anomalies in the wrist and hand?

Abnormal joint or bone development leading to functional impairment.